STUDIES OF OCCUPATIONAL CANCER

职业癌症的研究

• 批准号: 4692275
• 负责人: A E BLAIR
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/4692275
• 关键词: Hodgkin's disease; agriculture worker; benzene; brain neoplasms; cancer information system; cancer risk; chemical carcinogen; chemical carcinogenesis; environment related neoplasm /cancer; health science profession; human mortality; industry; interview; iron; leukemia; liver neoplasms; lung neoplasms; lymphoma; medical records; metals; minings; multiple myeloma; neoplasm /cancer epidemiology; occupational disease /disorder; occupational hazard; pesticides; pollution related respiratory disorder; prostate neoplasms; psychophysiology; respiratory neoplasm; stomach neoplasms; tobacco

Epidemiologic studies of occupational groups are conducted to identify and clarify the role of environmental factors in the origin of cancer. Potential for heavy and prolonged exposure, coupled with the availability of work history records, make occupational groups invaluable in epidemiologic investigations of cancer. Numerous occupational groups are under investigation. Completed during the past year were studies of 1)\embalmers exposed for formaldehyde and other fixatives revealing an excess of leukemia and cancer of the brain; 2) professional artists exposed to paints and solvents, revealing high frequencies of deaths from cancers of the bladder, kidney, brain, colorectum, prostate, and breast; 3) textile workers where, unlike previous reports, the risk of prostate and colon cancer was not associated with employment in the textile industry; 4)\workers in oil refineries where a case-control study using complete work histories uncovered no striking associations between brain cancer and particular work categories; 5) pattern makers where a screening program for colorectal cancer and polps uncovered approximately a two-fold increase for cancer but no excess of polyps; 6) farmers showng chronic lymphocytic leukemia tended to be associated with cattle production while myeloid forms tended to be associated with corn, hog, and chicken production and pesticide and fertilizer use; 7) U.S. veterans where disease-specific mortality risks by occupation and industry provided clues for further research in occupational epidemiology; and 8) bladder cancer where elevated risks were noted among truck drivers that could not be attributed to smoking and other confounding factors. Other investigations under way include proportionate mortality studies of plumbers and foresters; cohort mortality studies of formaldehyde workers, anatomists, dry cleaners, furniture workers, shipyard workers, aircraft mechanics, potters, grain millers and handlers, and chemists; and case-control studies of leukemia, lymphoma, soft-tissue sarcoma, mesothelioma, and brain and lung cancer.

进行职业群体的流行病学研究是为了识别和 阐明环境因素在癌症起源中的作用。 重量和长时间暴露的潜力，再加上可用性 工作历史记录，使职业团体无价 癌症的流行病学研究。 许多职业群体是 正在调查。 过去一年完成的研究 1）\暴露于甲醛和其他固定剂的防腐剂揭示了 大脑的白血病和癌症过多； 2）专业艺术家暴露了 到油漆和溶剂，揭示了癌症死亡的高频 膀胱，肾脏，大脑，大脑，前列腺和乳房； 3）纺织品 与以前的报告不同的是前列腺和结肠的风险 癌症与纺织业的就业无关； 4）\炼油厂的工人，其中一项案例对照研究使用完整的工作 历史发现脑癌与 特定的工作类别； 5）模式制造商的筛选程序 结直肠癌和Polps发现了大约两倍的增加 癌症，但没有过多的息肉； 6）农民展示的慢性淋巴细胞 白血病倾向于与牛的产量有关，而骨髓形成 倾向于与玉米，猪和鸡肉生产有关 农药和肥料的使用； 7）特定疾病的美国退伍军人 占领和行业的死亡率风险为进一步的线索提供了线索 职业流行病学研究； 8）膀胱癌升高 在卡车司机中注意到的风险是无法归因的 吸烟和其他混杂因素。 其他调查正在进行 包括对水管工和森林人的比例死亡率研究；队列 甲醛工人，解剖学家，干洗店，干洗店的死亡率研究 家具工人，造船厂工人，飞机力学，陶艺家，谷物 磨坊主和处理者以及化学家；以及白血病的病例对照研究， 淋巴瘤，软组织肉瘤，间皮瘤以及脑和肺癌。