STUDIES OF OCCUPATIONAL CANCER

职业癌症的研究

• 批准号: 6289542
• 负责人: Richard S Hayes
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6289542
• 关键词: agriculture worker; alkyl nitrile; benzene; brain neoplasms; cancer risk; chemical carcinogen; chemical carcinogenesis; clinical research; digestive neoplasm; dosage; environment related neoplasm /cancer; environmental contamination; head /neck neoplasm; human subject; industry; leukemia; lung neoplasms; lymphoma; mesothelioma; neoplasm /cancer epidemiology; neoplasm /cancer genetics; nonwater solvent; occupational hazard; prostate neoplasms

Occupational studies are conducted to identify and quantify chemical and other causes of cancer and to understand mechanisms of carcinogenesis. Major etiologic investigations focus on working populations exposed to benzene, other organic solvents, aromatic amines, acrylonitrile, formaldehyde, diesel exhausts, combustion products, and silica. Etiologic investigations utilize sophisticated industrial hygiene methods to assess occupational exposures and biochemical components to elucidate mechanisms of carcinogenic action and individual susceptibility. During the last year, a large study of workers exposed to acrylonitrile found that exposures at the levels studied is not associated with an increased risk for most cancers of interest. An excess of lung cancer was found in the highest exposure group, however, consistent exposure-response relationships were not identified. Potential cancer risks among commercial airline pilots and navigators were investigated. Occupational risk factors were investigated in a large case-control study of prostate cancer, showing that occupation is not a major determinant of prostate cancer. Occupations associated with metal and textile dust in Shanghai, China were associated with pancreatic cancer. Studies of occupation-related mortality in 24 states characterized race-specific cancer mortality in U.S. firefighters, showed increased peritoneal cancer in occupationally-exposed workers, evaluated risks for brain cancer in workers exposed to lead and occupational risk factors for cancer of the gastric cardia, pancreas, and prostate. Also in this series of studies, occupational physical activity was found not to be associated with non- Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL). - occupation, - Human Subjects & Human Tissues, Fluids, Cells, etc.

进行职业研究以识别和量化癌症的化学和其他原因，并了解癌变的机制。重大病因研究集中于暴露于苯，其他有机溶剂，芳香胺，丙烯腈，甲醛，柴油排气，燃烧产物和硅胶的工作人群。病因研究利用复杂的工业卫生方法来评估职业暴露和生化成分，以阐明致癌作用和个体易感性的机制。在过去的一年中，对接触丙烯腈的工人进行的一项大量研究发现，所研究水平的暴露与大多数感兴趣的癌症的风险增加无关。在最高的暴露组中发现了过量的肺癌，但是，未发现一致的暴露反应关系。研究了商业航空公司飞行员和导航员的潜在癌症风险。在一项针对前列腺癌的大病例对照研究中研究了职业危险因素，这表明职业不是前列腺癌的主要决定因素。中国上海与金属和纺织品尘埃相关的职业与胰腺癌有关。在美国消防员中表征种族特异性癌症死亡率的24个州的职业相关死亡率的研究显示，在职业暴露的工人中，腹膜癌增加了，评估了暴露于胃病，胰腺和前列腺的铅和职业风险因素的工人中脑癌的风险。同样在这一系列研究中，发现职业体育活动与非霍奇金斯淋巴瘤（NHL）无关。 - 职业，人类受试者和人体组织，流体，细胞等。