STUDIES OF OCCUPATIONAL CANCER

职业癌症的研究

• 批准号: 3963387
• 负责人: A E BLAIR
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3963387
• 关键词: Hodgkin's disease; agriculture worker; benzene; bladder neoplasm; brain neoplasms; cancer information system; cancer risk; chemical carcinogen; chemical carcinogenesis; environment related neoplasm /cancer; formaldehyde; health science profession; human mortality; human tissue; industry; interview; iron; leukemia; lung neoplasms; lymphoma; medical records; mesothelioma; metals; neoplasm /cancer epidemiology; occupational disease /disorder; occupational hazard; pesticides; pollution related respiratory disorder; psychobiology; respiratory neoplasm

Epidemiologic studies of occupational groups are conducted to identify and clarify the role of environmental factors in the origin of cancer. During the past year, several studies of workers exposed to formaldehyde were completed. A case-control study of nasal cancer in the Netherlands noted approximately a twofold risk among persons exposed to formaldehyde. A mortality study of anatomists uncovered a threefold excess of brain cancer (predominantly gliomas) and a slight excess of leukemia. A large study of industrial workers exposed to formaldehyde uncovered an excess mortality of lung cancer that did not increase with increasing level of exposure and an excess from cancer of the nasopharynx particularly among those exposed to particulates. Several reports were completed on cancer risks among farmers exposed to pesticides. A case-control study uncovered a striking dose-response between risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and a number of days of use of the phenoxyacetic acid herbicide, 2,4-D. A mortality study of pottery workers identified an excess of lung cancer that was closely linked to exposure to talc in molding processes. An evaluation of time-trends of mesothelioma showed an increase in incidence that could not be accounted for by changes in diagnostic practices. Following a lead from a proportionate mortality study, a case-control study of bladder cancer detected an elevated risk for this cancer among artistic painters that increased with the number of years of artist painting activities. Important methodologic issues in occupational epidemiology were also addressed. For example, a manuscript was published describing procedures used to estimate historical levels of exposure to formaldehyde for a major cohort mortality study.

进行职业群体的流行病学研究是为了识别和 阐明环境因素在癌症起源中的作用。 期间 在过去的一年中，对接触甲醛的工人进行的几项研究是 完全的。 荷兰鼻癌的病例对照研究指出 暴露于甲醛的人中约有双重风险。 一个 解剖学家的死亡率研究发现了超过三倍的脑癌 （主要是神经胶质瘤），白血病略有过量。 一项大型研究 接触甲醛的工业工人发现了过多的死亡率 肺癌不会随着暴露水平的增加而增加 从鼻咽癌中过多，特别是在暴露于 颗粒。 关于农民癌症风险的几份报告已完成 暴露于农药。 一项病例对照研究发现了一个惊人的 非霍奇金淋巴瘤风险与几天之间的剂量反应 使用苯氧乙酸除草剂2,4-D。 一项死亡率研究 陶器工人确定了与肺癌密切相关的过量 在成型过程中暴露于滑石粉。 评估时间趋势 间皮瘤显示发病率增加，无法解释 因为诊断实践的变化。 跟随一条线 比例死亡率研究，一项膀胱癌病例对照研究 在艺术画家中发现这种癌症的风险升高 随着艺术家绘画活动的年数量增加。 职业流行病学中的重要方法论问题也是 解决。 例如，发表了一个手稿，描述了程序 用于估计一个主要的甲醛暴露历史水平 队列死亡率研究。