Biomechanics of Human Reactions to Slip Events

人类对滑倒事件反应的生物力学

基本信息

批准号：
6622041
负责人：
RAKIE CHAM
金额：
$ 7.48万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-05-01 至 2005-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Slips and falls accidents have been recognized to be of major importance in occupational health. Epidemiological studies have reported this problem being even more serious among older workers, especially female workers. In light of the aging dynamics of the labor force, the long term goal of this proposed study is directed at reducing slip-precipitated falls among older adults. The specific aims are 1) investigate the differences in gait biomechanics relevant to recovery responses following a slipping perturbation between young/older and male/female adults and 2) examine the effect of slippery surfaces warnings on slip-fall potential and biomechanics of recovery responses. Sixty subjects equally divided by gender and into two age groups will be recruited in this study: "young" between the ages of 20 and 35 years and "older" aged 55 to 70 years old. Each subject will be asked to walk on dry and soapy vinyl tile floors, while varying the extent of the a-priori knowledge of the floor's contaminant condition (unexpected slippery surfaces, warning of possible slippery conditions, the subject is aware of the slippery condition). Various kinetic and kinematics gait variables will be derived from the ground reaction forces and 3D body motion data recorded at 150 Hz. Those kinetic and kinematics variables will be evaluated at specific times during gait and used as dependent variables in ANOVAs investigating gender, age and warning safety conditions. In summary, this proposed study will provide a better understanding of the reasons for epidemiological findings suggesting increasing incidence of slip-initiated falls among older adults. By understanding the biornechanical reasons for such reports, the results of this study will have direct implications in I) the development of more effective fall prevention and training programs aimed at improving chances of recovery from slips among older adults and 2) the possible implementation of safety warning guidelines.

描述（由申请人提供）：滑倒和跌倒事故已发生被认为对职业健康具有重要意义。流行病学研究表明这个问题在老年工人中更为严重，尤其是女职工。鉴于劳动力老龄化动态，这项拟议研究的长期目标是减少老年人中滑倒导致的跌倒。具体目标是1）研究与恢复反应相关的步态生物力学差异在年轻人/老年人和男性/女性成年人之间的滑动扰动之后 2) 检查湿滑表面警告对滑倒可能性的影响和恢复反应的生物力学。六十个科目均分本研究将招募性别和年龄组：“年轻”组年龄在20岁和35岁之间，“老年”年龄在55岁到70岁之间。各科目将被要求在干燥且有肥皂的乙烯基瓷砖地板上行走，同时改变对地板污染状况的先验了解程度（意外的湿滑表面、可能湿滑情况的警告、对象意识到湿滑的情况）。各种动力学和运动学步态变量将从地面反作用力和 3D 身体导出以 150 Hz 记录的运动数据。这些动力学和运动学变量将是在步态期间的特定时间进行评估，并用作因变量方差分析调查性别、年龄和警告安全状况。总之，这项拟议的研究将有助于更好地理解其原因流行病学调查结果表明滑倒引发的发生率增加落在老年人中。通过了解这种情况的生物力学原因报告称，这项研究的结果将直接影响 I) 制定更有效的跌倒预防和培训计划，旨在提高老年人从滑倒中恢复的机会，以及 2) 可能的实施安全警示指引。