Low Vision and Performance of Work-Related Manual Tasks Requiring Dexterity

视力低下和需要灵活性的工作相关手动任务的表现

• 批准号: 10698202
• 负责人: RAKIE CHAM
• 金额: $ 19.87万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10698202
• 关键词: Low; Vision; Performance; Work; Related

Adults with visual impairments (VIs) are underrepresented in the labor force and experience unemployment and underemployment. Productivity losses associated with VIs are significant. VIs have also been associated with an increased risk of occupational injuries, particularly among older workers. With the aging of the labor force and the most often reported causes of irreversible vision loss being age-related, VIs in the workplace are a serious, costly and growing burden jeopardizing the safety, well-being, diversity and productivity of the labor force. A barrier to the employment of individuals with VIs is the lack of knowledge related to their abilities and potential skillsets if provided with the right support and how these match the job requirements. The long-term goal of our proposed line of work is to develop models that can be used as a tool to informed hiring, improved safety, productivity, job satisfaction and workforce diversity based on the individual factors of a potential worker. The focus of the proposed project is the performance of jobs requiring varying levels of visuomotor function and dexterity in older workers with reduced visual function capacities (best-corrected visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, visual field and depth perception). Adults of potential working age (55-70 years old) and diagnosed with low vision conditions (mild/moderate/advanced stages of age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy) will be recruited for participation along with controls with similar age, gender and education level characteristics. Participants will be asked to perform a wide range of work-related manual tasks requiring various levels of dexterity under 6 lighting conditions. Three specific aims will be pursued. In Aim 1, we will determine how visual function capacities in single and multiple domains impact performance on work-related manual tasks. Aim 2 is focused on how lighting modify the findings in Aim 1. In Aim 3, we will explore how visual function capacities and lighting alter work postures when doing work-related manual tasks in individuals with low vision. Appropriately constructed mixed linear statistical models will be used to test the hypotheses associated within each aim. The findings of the proposed project can be used to (1) better match job requirements and individual factors (e.g., visual function capacities), (2) better predict and thus reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders by considering aging-related visual function capacities, and (3) design accommodations and interventions for an aging labor force, thus maintaining or increasing its productivity, well-being and safety.

视觉障碍（VIS）的成年人在劳动力中的代表不足，经历失业率和 就业不足。与VIS相关的生产力损失是显着的。 Vis也与 增加职业伤害的风险，尤其是在老年工人中。随着劳动力和 大多数经常报道的原因是导致视力丧失与年龄有关的原因，工作场所的VIS是一个严重的 付出代价高昂的负担危害了劳动力的安全，福祉，多样性和生产力。一个 雇用有VIV的个人的障碍是缺乏与他们的能力和潜力有关的知识 如果提供了正确的支持以及如何匹配工作要求的技能。我们的长期目标 建议的工作线是开发可用作招聘，改善安全性的工具的模型， 基于潜在工人的个人因素，生产力，工作满意度和劳动力多样性。这 拟议项目的重点是需要不同级别的视觉运动功能和 视觉功能能力降低的老年工人的灵巧性（最校正的视力，对比度 灵敏度，视野和深度感知）。潜在工作年龄的成年人（55-70岁）并被诊断 有低视力条件（与年龄相关的黄斑变性，青光眼和青光眼和中等/晚期阶段 糖尿病性视网膜病）将与年龄相似，性别和教育的控件一起招募参加 水平特征。将要求参与者执行与工作有关的各种需要的手动任务 在6个照明条件下的各种敏捷度。将追求三个具体目标。在AIM 1中，我们将 确定单个和多个域中的视觉功能能力如何影响与工作相关的性能 手动任务。 AIM 2专注于照明如何修改AIM 1中的发现。在AIM 3中，我们将探讨视觉 功能能力和照明会改变工作相关的手动任务时，会改变工作姿势 想象。适当构建的混合线性统计模型将用于测试相关的假设 在每个目标中。拟议项目的发现可用于（1）更好的匹配工作要求和 个体因素（例如，视觉功能能力），（2）更好地预测，从而降低肌肉骨骼的风险 通过考虑与衰老相关的视觉功能能力以及（3）设计适应和 对老龄化劳动力的干预措施，从而维持或提高其生产率，福祉和安全性。