Effects of visual fields on standing balance

视野对站立平衡的影响

• 批准号: 8582250
• 负责人: RAKIE CHAM
• 金额: $ 7.63万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8582250
• 关键词: Acute; Age; Age related macular degeneration; Blindness; Characteristics; Chronic; Clinical; Contact Lenses; Data; Detection; Disease; Economic Burden; Elderly; Environment; Equilibrium; Etiology; Glaucoma; Goals; Impairment; Injury; Intervention; Knowledge; Linear Models; Modeling; Motion; Ocular Pathology; Participant; Patients; Performance; Peripheral; Play; Process; Public Health; Quality of life; Recruitment Activity; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sensory; Societies; Statistical Models; Testing; Vision; Visual; Visual Fields; Visual system structure; age related; balance testing; base; central visual field; clinically significant; design; effective intervention; equilibration disorder; falls; improved; interest; lens; novel; older patient; optic flow; public health relevance; research study; response; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Age-related vision impairments are a well-acknowledged risk factor for geriatric falls. The goal of the proposed pilot research is to determine the importance of central and peripheral visual field loss on the ability to integrate balance-related sensory information during standing in young and older adults. Two types of visual field loss will be considered: a) sudden occlusion of the central and peripheral visual fiel loss through the use of specially-designed contact lenses in healthy young and older adults, and b) chronic central and peripheral visual field loss in older patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma. Our first hypothesis is that peripheral vision dominates over central vision in postural stabilization, particularly in older adults (Aim #1). This will be teste using contact lenses to occlude peripheral or central vision in healthy young and older adults, thus inducing a model of acute of peripheral or central vision loss. Our second hypothesis is that the ability to integrate sensory information important for balance will be different between older patients (AMD or glaucoma) and healthy older participants with acute central or peripheral visual losses (Aim #2). This can be attributed to central adaptation processes found in patients. Three groups of participants between the ages of 65 and 85 years will be recruited for participation: (1) ten healthy subjects screened for ocular pathologies, (2) ten patients with advanced AMD, (3) ten patients with advanced glaucoma. Additionally, ten young subjects between the ages of 25 and 35 years will participate in the proposed experiments. All subjects will be screened for clinically significant conditions that impact balance. Eligible subjects will undergo both well- established and novel balance tests. Appropriately constructed mixed linear statistical models will be fit to each of the balance variables of interest to determine the impact of acute and chronic visual field losses on the ability to integrate balance-related sensory information during standing.

描述（由申请人提供）：与年龄相关的视力障碍是众所周知的老年跌倒的危险因素。拟议试点研究的目标是确定中央和周边视野丧失对年轻人和老年人站立时整合平衡相关感觉信息的能力的重要性。将考虑两种类型的视野丧失：a）健康年轻人和老年人通过使用专门设计的隐形眼镜而突然遮挡中央和周边视野丧失，b）老年人慢性中央和周边视野丧失患有年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）和青光眼的患者。我们的第一个假设是，在姿势稳定方面，周边视觉优于中央视觉，尤其是老年人（目标＃1）。这将是使用隐形眼镜来遮挡健康年轻人和老年人的周边或中央视力，从而诱导急性周边或中央视力丧失的模型。我们的第二个假设是，老年患者（AMD 或青光眼）和患有急性中枢或周边视力丧失的健康老年参与者整合对平衡很重要的感觉信息的能力会有所不同（目标#2）。这可以归因于患者中发现的中枢适应过程。将招募三组年龄在 65 岁至 85 岁之间的参与者：（1）十名进行眼部病变筛查的健康受试者，（2）十名晚期 AMD 患者，（3）十名晚期青光眼患者。此外，十名年龄在 25 岁至 35 岁之间的年轻受试者将参与拟议的实验。所有受试者都将接受影响平衡的临床重要病症的筛查。符合条件的受试者将接受完善的和新颖的平衡测试。适当构建的混合线性统计模型将适合每个感兴趣的平衡变量，以确定影响 急性和慢性视野丧失对站立期间整合平衡相关感觉信息的能力的影响。