Role of Attention in Balance and Mobility in Autism Spectrum Disorders

注意力在自闭症谱系障碍中平衡和活动能力中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
9245303
负责人：
RAKIE CHAM
金额：
$ 22.71万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-07-15 至 2019-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9245303
关键词：
Adult Affect Age Attention Cognition Cognitive Comb animal structure Communication impairment Conflict (Psychology)Control Groups Cues Decision Making Deterioration Development Diagnosis Diagnostic Down-Regulation Elderly Environment Equilibrium Etiology Gait Gender Goals Impairment Individual Infant Intervention Link Literature Methodology Motor Movement Musculoskeletal Equilibrium Performance Posture Process Reaction Time Reporting Research Design Resolution Risk Role Sensory Symptoms System Task Performances Testing Toddler Treatment Efficacy Triad Acrylic Resin Walking Weight autism spectrum disorder base design information processing insight interest locomotor control locomotor tasks motor impairment multisensory novel novel therapeutics programs repetitive behavior sensory integration sensory system social cognition visual-vestibular young adult

项目摘要

Summary Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) extend beyond the traditional diagnostic triad of social cognition deficits, communication impairments, and limited interests / repetitive behaviors. Converging evidence supports the presence of motor abnormalities in the domain of postural control, including balance and gait. The understanding of these impairments is limited. The long-term goal of our team is to identify mechanisms underlying motor and postural impairments in ASD to further the understanding of the bases of ASD. The proposed project represents an initial step in a program of research designed to identify potential mechanisms underlying motor and postural impairments in ASD. More specifically, here we focus on links between postural/locomotor control and cognition (specifically the top-down regulation of access to the limited process of action control, or `attention for action') in ASD. Our main hypothesis is that postural control difficulties in ASD are due to problems in attention-related processes, which then elicit action control that transiently inhibits action, slowing appropriate postural adjustment. We will test this hypothesis by using dual-task paradigms that combine information-processing (IP) tasks and challenging posture/locomotor tasks. These tasks add an additional requirement for action and thus probe the capacity of the action control process. Thirty young adults diagnosed with ASD (21-45 years old) and 30 age-, gender- and IQ- matched controls will be tested. The dual-task paradigms will include IP tasks (simple and choice reaction time tasks) concurrently presented with standing and walking tasks requiring sensorimotor re-weighting. Simple reaction time tasks minimally challenge action control, while choice reaction time tasks probe decision-making between alternative actions, thus challenging action control more than simple reaction time tasks. Potential findings of the proposed project will enhance our understanding of the etiology of motor impairments and functional consequences of balance difficulties in ASD, both of which may contribute to the development of novel and more effective therapeutic approaches.

概括自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的症状超出了传统的社会诊断三联征认知缺陷、沟通障碍和兴趣有限/重复行为。汇聚有证据支持姿势控制领域存在运动异常，包括平衡和步态。对这些损伤的理解是有限的。我们团队的长期目标是确定自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 运动和姿势障碍的潜在机制，以进一步了解自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的基础自闭症谱系障碍。拟议的项目代表了旨在识别潜力的研究计划的第一步 ASD 运动和姿势障碍的潜在机制。更具体地说，这里我们关注链接姿势/运动控制和认知之间（特别是对有限的访问的自上而下的调节） ASD 中的行动控制过程，或“行动注意”）。我们的主要假设是姿势控制自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的困难是由于与注意相关的过程出现问题，从而引起行动控制暂时抑制行动，减慢适当的姿势调整。我们将通过以下方式检验这个假设使用将信息处理（IP）任务和具有挑战性的姿势/运动相结合的双任务范例任务。这些任务增加了对动作的额外要求，从而探测动作控制的能力过程。 30 名被诊断患有 ASD 的年轻人（21-45 岁）和 30 名年龄、性别和智商匹配的人将测试控制措施。双任务范例将包括 IP 任务（简单任务和选择反应时间任务）同时进行需要感觉运动重新加权的站立和行走任务。简单反应时间任务对行动控制的挑战最小，而选择反应时间任务则探索之间的决策替代动作，因此比简单的反应时间任务更具挑战性的动作控制。潜在的发现拟议的项目将增强我们对运动障碍和功能障碍的病因学的理解 ASD 平衡困难的后果，这两者都可能有助于开发新的和更有效的治疗方法。