Role of Attention in Balance and Mobility in Autism Spectrum Disorders

注意力在自闭症谱系障碍中平衡和活动能力中的作用

• 批准号: 9245303
• 负责人: RAKIE CHAM
• 金额: $ 22.71万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-15 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9245303
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Age; Attention; Cognition; Cognitive; Comb animal structure; Communication impairment; Conflict (Psychology); Control Groups; Cues; Decision Making; Deterioration; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Down-Regulation; Elderly; Environment; Equilibrium; Etiology; Gait; Gender; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Infant; Intervention; Link; Literature; Methodology; Motor; Movement; Musculoskeletal Equilibrium; Performance; Posture; Process; Reaction Time; Reporting; Research Design; Resolution; Risk; Role; Sensory; Symptoms; System; Task Performances; Testing; Toddler; Treatment Efficacy; Triad Acrylic Resin; Walking; Weight; autism spectrum disorder; base; design; information processing; insight; interest; locomotor control; locomotor tasks; motor impairment; multisensory; novel; novel therapeutics; programs; repetitive behavior; sensory integration; sensory system; social cognition; visual-vestibular; young adult

Summary Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) extend beyond the traditional diagnostic triad of social cognition deficits, communication impairments, and limited interests / repetitive behaviors. Converging evidence supports the presence of motor abnormalities in the domain of postural control, including balance and gait. The understanding of these impairments is limited. The long-term goal of our team is to identify mechanisms underlying motor and postural impairments in ASD to further the understanding of the bases of ASD. The proposed project represents an initial step in a program of research designed to identify potential mechanisms underlying motor and postural impairments in ASD. More specifically, here we focus on links between postural/locomotor control and cognition (specifically the top-down regulation of access to the limited process of action control, or `attention for action') in ASD. Our main hypothesis is that postural control difficulties in ASD are due to problems in attention-related processes, which then elicit action control that transiently inhibits action, slowing appropriate postural adjustment. We will test this hypothesis by using dual-task paradigms that combine information-processing (IP) tasks and challenging posture/locomotor tasks. These tasks add an additional requirement for action and thus probe the capacity of the action control process. Thirty young adults diagnosed with ASD (21-45 years old) and 30 age-, gender- and IQ- matched controls will be tested. The dual-task paradigms will include IP tasks (simple and choice reaction time tasks) concurrently presented with standing and walking tasks requiring sensorimotor re-weighting. Simple reaction time tasks minimally challenge action control, while choice reaction time tasks probe decision-making between alternative actions, thus challenging action control more than simple reaction time tasks. Potential findings of the proposed project will enhance our understanding of the etiology of motor impairments and functional consequences of balance difficulties in ASD, both of which may contribute to the development of novel and more effective therapeutic approaches.

概括 自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的症状超出了传统的社会诊断三合会 认知缺陷，沟通障碍和有限的利益 /重复行为。融合 证据支持姿势控制领域中的运动异常，包括平衡和 步态。对这些障碍的理解是有限的。我们团队的长期目标是确定 ASD中电动机和姿势障碍的基础机制，以进一步了解基础 ASD。拟议的项目代表了旨在确定潜力的研究计划中的第一步 ASD的运动和姿势损伤的机制。更具体地说，在这里我们专注于链接 在姿势/运动控制和认知之间 ASD中的动作控制过程，或“注意行动的注意”。我们的主要假设是姿势控制 ASD的困难是由于注意力相关的过程中的问题，然后引起行动控制 这会瞬时抑制作用，减慢适当的姿势调整。我们将通过 使用结合信息处理（IP）任务和具有挑战性的姿势/运动的双任务范例 任务。这些任务增加了行动的额外要求，从而探究了动作控制的能力 过程。 30名被诊断为ASD（21-45岁）和30岁的年轻人，性别和IQ-匹配 控件将进行测试。双任务范例将包括IP任务（简单和选择反应时间任务） 同时出现需要感官重新加权的站立和步行任务。简单反应 时间任务最少挑战行动控制，而选择反应时间任务调查决策 替代行动，因此挑战行动控制的控制不仅是简单的反应时间任务。潜在的发现 拟议的项目将增强我们对运动障碍和功能性的病因的理解 ASD平衡困难的后果，这两者都可能有助于新颖和 更有效的治疗方法。