Low Vision and Performance of Work-Related Manual Tasks Requiring Dexterity

视力低下和需要灵活性的工作相关手动任务的表现

• 批准号: 10451947
• 负责人: RAKIE CHAM
• 金额: $ 23.85万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10451947
• 关键词: Low; Vision; Performance; Work; Related

Adults with visual impairments (VIs) are underrepresented in the labor force and experience unemployment and underemployment. Productivity losses associated with VIs are significant. VIs have also been associated with an increased risk of occupational injuries, particularly among older workers. With the aging of the labor force and the most often reported causes of irreversible vision loss being age-related, VIs in the workplace are a serious, costly and growing burden jeopardizing the safety, well-being, diversity and productivity of the labor force. A barrier to the employment of individuals with VIs is the lack of knowledge related to their abilities and potential skillsets if provided with the right support and how these match the job requirements. The long-term goal of our proposed line of work is to develop models that can be used as a tool to informed hiring, improved safety, productivity, job satisfaction and workforce diversity based on the individual factors of a potential worker. The focus of the proposed project is the performance of jobs requiring varying levels of visuomotor function and dexterity in older workers with reduced visual function capacities (best-corrected visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, visual field and depth perception). Adults of potential working age (55-70 years old) and diagnosed with low vision conditions (mild/moderate/advanced stages of age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy) will be recruited for participation along with controls with similar age, gender and education level characteristics. Participants will be asked to perform a wide range of work-related manual tasks requiring various levels of dexterity under 6 lighting conditions. Three specific aims will be pursued. In Aim 1, we will determine how visual function capacities in single and multiple domains impact performance on work-related manual tasks. Aim 2 is focused on how lighting modify the findings in Aim 1. In Aim 3, we will explore how visual function capacities and lighting alter work postures when doing work-related manual tasks in individuals with low vision. Appropriately constructed mixed linear statistical models will be used to test the hypotheses associated within each aim. The findings of the proposed project can be used to (1) better match job requirements and individual factors (e.g., visual function capacities), (2) better predict and thus reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders by considering aging-related visual function capacities, and (3) design accommodations and interventions for an aging labor force, thus maintaining or increasing its productivity, well-being and safety.

有视力障碍 (VI) 的成年人在劳动力中所占比例不足，并且经历失业和失业 就业不足。与 VI 相关的生产力损失是巨大的。 VI 也与 职业伤害的风险增加，特别是老年工人。随着劳动力老龄化和 最常报告的不可逆视力丧失的原因与年龄有关，工作场所中的 VI 是一个严重的、 成本高昂且日益沉重的负担危及劳动力的安全、福祉、多样性和生产力。一个 具有 VI 的个人就业的障碍是缺乏与其能力和潜力相关的知识 技能组是否提供了正确的支持以及这些技能如何符合工作要求。我们的长期目标 拟议的工作范围是开发模型，可用作通知招聘、提高安全性的工具， 基于潜在工人个人因素的生产力、工作满意度和劳动力多样性。这 拟议项目的重点是执行需要不同水平视觉运动功能的工作， 视觉功能能力下降的老年工人的灵活性（最佳矫正视力、对比度 灵敏度、视野和深度知觉）。具有潜在工作年龄（55-70岁）且已确诊的成年人 患有低视力状况（轻度/中度/晚期年龄相关性黄斑变性、青光眼和 糖尿病视网膜病变）将被招募与年龄、性别和教育程度相似的对照者一起参与 水平特征。参与者将被要求执行各种与工作相关的手动任务，需要 6 种照明条件下的不同灵巧程度。将追求三个具体目标。在目标 1 中，我们将 确定单个和多个领域的视觉功能能力如何影响工作相关的表现 手动任务。目标 2 的重点是照明如何改变目标 1 中的发现。在目标 3 中，我们将探索视觉如何 当功能能力和照明水平较低的个体执行与工作相关的体力任务时，功能能力和照明会改变工作姿势 想象。适当构建的混合线性统计模型将用于检验相关假设 每个目标内。拟议项目的研究结果可用于（1）更好地匹配工作要求和 个体因素（例如视觉功能能力），(2) 更好地预测并从而降低肌肉骨骼疾病的风险 考虑与衰老相关的视觉功能能力的障碍，以及（3）设计调节和 对老龄化劳动力进行干预，从而维持或提高其生产力、福祉和安全。