Biomechanics of Slips in Older Adults

老年人滑倒的生物力学

• 批准号: 6631423
• 负责人: RAKIE CHAM
• 金额: $ 14.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-01 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6631423
• 关键词: accidental falls; aging; ankle; balance; biomechanics; clinical research; gait; gender difference; hip; human middle age (35-64); human subject; injury prevention; knee; occupational health /safety; polyvinyls; posture; proprioception /kinesthesia; surface coating; surface property; work site; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION: Slips/falls accidents are among the leading generators of injuries in the workplace, especially among older adults and even more seriously in the female labor force. The aging dynamics of the work force and increasing participation rate of female workers have motivated the long-term goal of this proposed study, that is to reduce slip-precipitated falls among older adults, including older female workers. The specific aims are 1) compare the differences in the biomechanics of human reactions between slip-recovery and slip-fall trials, 2) investigate the impact of age/gender on recovery biomechanics following a slip, 3) examine the effect of slippery surfaces warnings on slip potential and biomechanics of recovery responses and 4) investigate the effect of postural stability and lower extremity physical strength capabilities on recovery biomechanics. Sixty subjects equally divided by gender and into two age groups will be recruited in this study: "young" between the ages of 20 and 35 years and "older" aged 50 to 65 years old. Subjects will walk on dry and soapy vinyl tile floors, while varying the extent of the a-priori knowledge of the floor?s contaminant condition (unexpected slippery surfaces, warning of possible slippery conditions, the subject is aware of the slippery condition). Various kinetic and kinematic gait variables will be derived from the ground reaction forces and 3D body motion data recorded at 150 Hz. Those kinetic and kinematic variables will be evaluated at specific times during gait and used as dependent variables in ANOVAs investigating gender, age, warning safety conditions, postural stability and lower extremity physical strength capabilities. In summary, this proposed study will provide a better understanding of the reasons for epidemiological findings suggesting increasing incidence of slip-initiated falls among older adults. By understanding the biomechanical reasons for such reports, the results of this study will have direct implications in 1) the development of more effective fall prevention and training programs aimed at reducing slip-precipitated falls among older adults and 2) the possible implementation of safety warning guidelines.

描述：滑倒/跌倒事故是造成伤害的主要原因之一 在工作场所，尤其是老年人，更严重的是 女性劳动力。劳动力的老龄化动态和不断增加 女职工的参与率推动了这一长期目标的实现 拟议的研究，旨在减少老年人因滑倒而导致的跌倒， 包括老年女工。具体目标是 1) 比较 滑移恢复和滑行恢复之间人体反应的生物力学差异 滑倒试验，2）调查年龄/性别对恢复的影响 滑倒后的生物力学，3) 检查光滑表面的影响 关于滑倒潜力和恢复反应的生物力学的警告和 4) 研究姿势稳定性和下肢物理的影响 恢复生物力学的力量能力。六十个科目均等分配 本研究将按性别分为两个年龄组：“年轻” 年龄在 20 至 35 岁之间，“老年”年龄在 50 至 65 岁之间。 受试者将在干燥且带有肥皂的乙烯基瓷砖地板上行走，同时改变程度 地板污染状况的先验知识（意外的 湿滑表面，警告可能湿滑的情况，主题是 意识到湿滑的情况）。各种动力学和运动学步态变量 将根据地面反作用力和 3D 身体运动数据得出 以 150 Hz 录制。这些动力学和运动学变量将在 步态期间的特定时间并用作方差分析中的因变量 调查性别、年龄、警告安全状况、姿势稳定性和 下肢体力能力。总而言之，本研究建议 将有助于更好地理解流行病学调查结果的原因 这表明老年人因滑倒而跌倒的发生率有所增加。经过 了解此类报告的生物力学原因，该研究的结果 研究将在以下方面产生直接影响：1）开发更有效的 跌倒预防和培训计划旨在减少滑倒引发的跌倒 在老年人中以及 2) 可能实施安全警告 指导方针。