EXERCISE-BASED FALL PREVENTION PROGRAM FOR ELDERS IN LTC

LTC 老年人基于运动的跌倒预防计划

• 批准号: 2035999
• 负责人: DEBORAH P JENSEN
• 金额: $ 11.03万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-07-01 至 2000-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2035999
• 关键词: accidental falls; aging; ankle; balance; clinical research; exercise; extended care facility; gait; health services research tag; human old age (65+); human subject; injury prevention

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract): This study is part of a program of research involving health promotion for older adults and will test the effectiveness of an ankle strengthening and walking program in improving balance, ankle strength, walking speed, and falls efficacy, decreasing fear of falling, and preventing falls in elderly nursing home residents. Two specific objectives in Healthy People 2000 call for a reduction in deaths from falls and fall-related injuries and for a reduction in the number of hip fractures among older adults that will, in turn, reduce hospitalization for this condition (US DHHS, 1991). Implementation of fall prevention programs for older adults can facilitate progress toward meeting the goals set forth in this document. An NINR panel identified the need to investigate programs and strategies that will decrease the likelihood of falls in long term care settings as a priority area for research; in particular, the role of exercise in fall prevention was cited as beginning to show promise (Older Americans Report, 1994). Tinetti, an expert in falls research, has identified the need to more fully define the role of physical activity and exercise in fall and injury prevention (Tinetti, 1994). The research design is experimental using a pretest-posttest approach to evaluate changes in balance, ankle strength, walking speed, falls, fear of falling, and falls efficacy, with measures taken at baseline and again at 3 and 6 months after initiation of the intervention. Subjects (N=150) will be recruited from 10 long term care facilities and matched in pairs by fall risk score and then randomly assigned within each pair to the intervention or control group. Both groups will be assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 months following initiation of the intervention, but only the intervention group will received the ankle strengthening and walking program. The ankle strengthening and walking program will be conducted 3 times per week for 3 months. Each session, supervised by a trained research team member, will last 15 to 20 minutes. Subjects will do 10 to 15 repetitions of a heel-raising exercise, increasing resistance as strength increases. Then subjects will walk, with a research member at their side, for 10 minutes, if tolerated. Time will be increased according to individual's capabilities. At pretest, descriptive statistics will be computed for all the variables, including demographics, in order to characterize the sample and to assess the initial equivalence of the intervention and control groups. Following the posttests, descriptive statistics will again be calculated. The basic analysis to address all the hypotheses is MANCOVA. This procedure will be used to assess the effect of the intervention on the outcome variables: balance, ankle strength, walking speed, falls, fear of falling, and falls efficacy.

描述（改编自研究者的摘要）：本研究是 一项涉及老年人健康促进的研究计划 将测试脚踝强化和步行计划的有效性 改善平衡、脚踝力量、行走速度和跌倒功效， 减少对跌倒的恐惧，预防老人院跌倒 居民。 《2000 年健康人民》中的两个具体目标要求 减少跌倒和跌倒相关伤害造成的死亡，并减少 老年人髋部骨折的数量，进而减少 因这种情况住院（美国 DHHS，1991）。 秋季实施 针对老年人的预防计划可以促进实现目标 本文件中提出的目标。 NINR 小组确定需要 研究可降低以下可能性的计划和策略 将长期护理环境作为优先研究领域；在 特别是，运动在预防跌倒中的作用被认为是开始 展现希望（美国老年人报告，1994）。 蒂内蒂，跌倒专家 研究表明，需要更全面地定义物理的作用 预防跌倒和伤害的活动和锻炼（Tinetti，1994）。 这 研究设计是实验性的，使用前测后测的方法 评估平衡、脚踝力量、行走速度、跌倒、恐惧的变化 下降，并且功效下降，在基线和 3 时再次采取措施 以及开始干预后 6 个月。 受试者（N = 150）将是 从 10 个长期护理机构招募并在秋季配对 风险评分，然后在每对中随机分配给干预措施 或对照组。 两组均将在基线、3 个月和 6 个月时进行评估 干预开始后，但仅限于干预组 将接受脚踝强化和步行计划。 脚踝 每周进行 3 次强化和步行计划，为期 3 次 几个月。 每次会议均由训练有素的研究团队成员监督 最后 15 到 20 分钟。 受试者将重复 10 到 15 次 提跟运动，随着力量的增加而增加阻力。 然后 受试者将在研究人员的陪伴下步行 10 分钟，如果 容忍的。 时间会根据个人能力而增加。 在预测试时，将为所有变量计算描述性统计数据， 包括人口统计数据，以便描述样本特征并评估 干预组和对照组的初始等效性。 下列的 后测时，将再次计算描述性统计数据。 基本的 解决所有假设的分析是 MANCOVA。 这个程序将是 用于评估干预对结果变量的影响： 平衡、脚踝力量、行走速度、跌倒、跌倒恐惧和跌倒 功效。