Pesticide Exposures and Risk of Preterm Birth

农药接触和早产风险

基本信息

批准号：
8741980
负责人：
GARY M SHAW
金额：
$ 29.79万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-09-25 至 2017-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8741980
关键词：
Africa South of the Sahara Agriculture Air Pollutants Area Arsenicals California Carbamates Cessation of life Chemicals Childhood Coupled Data Data Sources Databases Developed Countries Developing Countries Development Elements Endocrine Disruptors Environment Environmental Exposure Environmental Pollution Epidemiologic Studies Expenditure Exposure to Family Fetus Food Frequencies Gestational Age Grouping Halogenated Hydrocarbons Health Human Individual Infant Knowledge Location Medical Economics Neonatal Outcome Pesticides Phenotype Population Population Study Pregnancy Premature Birth Premature Infant Prevalence Public Health Race Reporting Research Research Personnel Resources Review Literature Risk Risk Factors Sentinel Socioeconomic Status Source Structural Congenital Anomalies System Toxic Environmental Substances Universities Water Woman World Health Organization age group base cost epidemiologic data experience functional group gastrointestinal immunogenic innovation medical schools pesticide exposure population based premature reproductive respiratory social toxicant

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Preterm birth involves deliveries before 37 weeks gestation. Approximately 15 million babies are born preterm every year in the world with a global prevalence approximating 10%. Prevalence of preterm birth in the US is approximately 13% and has increased in the US for decades. Risk factors of spontaneous preterm birth remain largely mysterious. An array of environmental exposures has been evaluated as potential risk factors for preterm birth including pesticides. Pesticide use in the US represents more than $2 billion/year in expenditures and involves the application of >100 million pounds of chemicals in the environment. Many of these chemical compounds are reproductive toxicants. However, large-scale studies have not been done to investigate whether gestational pesticide exposures influence preterm birth. This important public health hypothesis has been under studied likely owing to the limited availability of exposure data coupled with the lack of good epidemiologic data on preterm births. We have identified the necessary elements to remedy this lack of information. Here we propose the largest and most rigorous population-based epidemiologic study ever conducted that targets a breadth of pesticide compounds for their influence on preterm birth. We propose the following aims: 1) To determine whether exposures to specific pesticides during pregnancy are associated with >100,000 women spontaneously delivering infants/fetuses prematurely and 2) To determine whether exposures to biologically-functional groupings (e.g., endocrine disruptors or developmental toxicants) and physiochemical groupings (e.g., carbamates, halogenated hydrocarbons, and arsenicals) of pesticides during pregnancy are associated with >100,000 women spontaneously delivering infants/fetuses prematurely. Using existing data sources, we are proposing an unprecedented and efficient opportunity to close this knowledge gap. This population-scale study will be conducted in the California San Joaquin Valley - an area that is referred to as the "food basket of the world" and as "the most productive agricultural region in the world." The San Joaquin Valley is an area with demonstrated extensive pesticide use and an area diverse in socioeconomic status and race/ethnic background. Our group has demonstrated capability to successfully carry out this project

描述（由申请人提供）：早产是指妊娠 37 周之前的分娩。全球每年约有 1500 万婴儿早产，全球患病率约为 10%。美国的早产率约为 13%，并且几十年来一直在增加。自发性早产的危险因素在很大程度上仍然是个谜。一系列环境暴露已被评估为早产的潜在风险因素，其中包括农药。美国每年使用农药的支出超过 20 亿美元，涉及在环境中使用超过 1 亿磅的化学品。许多这些化合物是生殖毒物。然而，尚未进行大规模研究来调查妊娠期农药暴露是否会影响早产。这一重要的公共卫生假设尚未得到研究，可能是由于暴露数据有限，加上缺乏有关早产的良好流行病学数据。我们已经确定了弥补信息缺乏的必要要素。在这里，我们提出了有史以来规模最大、最严格的基于人群的流行病学研究，针对多种农药化合物对早产的影响。我们提出以下目标：1) 确定怀孕期间接触特定农药是否与超过 100,000 名妇女自然早产婴儿/胎儿有关；2) 确定接触生物功能组（例如内分泌干扰物或发育毒物）是否与此相关怀孕期间农药的生理化学组别（例如氨基甲酸酯、卤代烃和砷）与>100,000 名妇女自发早产婴儿/胎儿。利用现有的数据源，我们提出了一个前所未有的有效机会来缩小这一知识差距。这项人口规模的研究将在加利福尼亚州圣华金河谷进行，该地区被称为“世界粮食篮”和“世界上生产力最高的农业地区”。圣华金河谷是一个农药使用广泛的地区，也是一个社会经济地位和种族/民族背景多样化的地区。我们集团已证明有能力成功实施该项目