Pesticide Exposures and Risk of Preterm Birth

农药接触和早产风险

基本信息

批准号：
8629564
负责人：
GARY M SHAW
金额：
$ 32.17万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-09-25 至 2017-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8629564
关键词：
Africa South of the Sahara Agriculture Air Pollutants Area Arsenicals California Carbamates Cessation of life Chemicals Childhood Congenital Abnormality Coupled Data Data Sources Databases Developed Countries Developing Countries Development Elements Endocrine Disruptors Environment Environmental Exposure Environmental Pollution Epidemiologic Studies Expenditure Exposure to Family Fetus Food Frequencies Gestational Age Grouping Halogenated Hydrocarbons Health Human Individual Infant Knowledge Location Medical Economics Neonatal Outcome Pesticides Phenotype Population Population Study Pregnancy Premature Birth Premature Infant Prevalence Public Health Race Reporting Research Research Personnel Resources Review Literature Risk Risk Factors Sentinel Socioeconomic Status Source System Toxic Environmental Substances Universities Water Woman World Health Organization age group base cost epidemiologic data experience functional group gastrointestinal immunogenic innovation medical schools pesticide exposure population based premature reproductive respiratory social toxicant

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Preterm birth involves deliveries before 37 weeks gestation. Approximately 15 million babies are born preterm every year in the world with a global prevalence approximating 10%. Prevalence of preterm birth in the US is approximately 13% and has increased in the US for decades. Risk factors of spontaneous preterm birth remain largely mysterious. An array of environmental exposures has been evaluated as potential risk factors for preterm birth including pesticides. Pesticide use in the US represents more than $2 billion/year in expenditures and involves the application of >100 million pounds of chemicals in the environment. Many of these chemical compounds are reproductive toxicants. However, large-scale studies have not been done to investigate whether gestational pesticide exposures influence preterm birth. This important public health hypothesis has been under studied likely owing to the limited availability of exposure data coupled with the lack of good epidemiologic data on preterm births. We have identified the necessary elements to remedy this lack of information. Here we propose the largest and most rigorous population-based epidemiologic study ever conducted that targets a breadth of pesticide compounds for their influence on preterm birth. We propose the following aims: 1) To determine whether exposures to specific pesticides during pregnancy are associated with >100,000 women spontaneously delivering infants/fetuses prematurely and 2) To determine whether exposures to biologically-functional groupings (e.g., endocrine disruptors or developmental toxicants) and physiochemical groupings (e.g., carbamates, halogenated hydrocarbons, and arsenicals) of pesticides during pregnancy are associated with >100,000 women spontaneously delivering infants/fetuses prematurely. Using existing data sources, we are proposing an unprecedented and efficient opportunity to close this knowledge gap. This population-scale study will be conducted in the California San Joaquin Valley - an area that is referred to as the "food basket of the world" and as "the most productive agricultural region in the world." The San Joaquin Valley is an area with demonstrated extensive pesticide use and an area diverse in socioeconomic status and race/ethnic background. Our group has demonstrated capability to successfully carry out this project

项目摘要早产涉及妊娠37周之前的分娩。大约1500万婴儿出生全球每年的全球患病率约为10％。美国早产的患病率是大约13％，在美国增加了数十年。自发早产的危险因素仍然很神秘。一系列环境暴露已被评估为潜在的危险因素用于早产包括农药。美国的农药使用代表超过20亿美元/年支出并涉及在环境中施加> 1亿磅的化学物质。许多这些化合物是生殖有毒物质。但是，尚未进行大规模研究研究妊娠农药暴露是否影响早产。这个重要的公共卫生假设的研究很可能是由于暴露数据的可用性有限，而缺乏曝光数据的可用性关于早产的良好流行病学数据。我们已经确定了必要的要素来解决这种缺乏信息。在这里，我们提出了有史以来最大，最严格的基于人群的流行病学研究进行了针对农药化合物的广度，以影响其对早产的影响。我们建议以下目的：1）确定怀孕期间对特定农药的暴露是否与 >> 100,000名女性自发地交付婴儿/胎儿和2）确定是否是否暴露于生物功能功能的分组（例如内分泌破坏者或发育有毒物质）和生理化学分组（例如，氨基甲酸酯，碳纤维，卤素和砷）在农药期间怀孕与> 100,000名女性自发地过早地交付婴儿/胎儿有关。使用现有的数据源，我们提出了一个前所未有且有效的机会来关闭这些知识差距。这项人口规模的研究将在加利福尼亚州圣华金山谷进行 - 该地区被称为“世界上的食物篮”，并被称为“世界上最有生产力的农业地区”。这圣华金山谷（San Joaquin Valley 社会经济地位和种族/种族背景。我们的小组已经证明了成功的能力执行这个项目