Pesticide Exposures and Risk of Preterm Birth

农药接触和早产风险

基本信息

批准号：
8629564
负责人：
GARY M SHAW
金额：
$ 32.17万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-09-25 至 2017-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8629564
关键词：
Africa South of the Sahara Agriculture Air Pollutants Area Arsenicals California Carbamates Cessation of life Chemicals Childhood Congenital Abnormality Coupled Data Data Sources Databases Developed Countries Developing Countries Development Elements Endocrine Disruptors Environment Environmental Exposure Environmental Pollution Epidemiologic Studies Expenditure Exposure to Family Fetus Food Frequencies Gestational Age Grouping Halogenated Hydrocarbons Health Human Individual Infant Knowledge Location Medical Economics Neonatal Outcome Pesticides Phenotype Population Population Study Pregnancy Premature Birth Premature Infant Prevalence Public Health Race Reporting Research Research Personnel Resources Review Literature Risk Risk Factors Sentinel Socioeconomic Status Source System Toxic Environmental Substances Universities Water Woman World Health Organization age group base cost epidemiologic data experience functional group gastrointestinal immunogenic innovation medical schools pesticide exposure population based premature reproductive respiratory social toxicant

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Preterm birth involves deliveries before 37 weeks gestation. Approximately 15 million babies are born preterm every year in the world with a global prevalence approximating 10%. Prevalence of preterm birth in the US is approximately 13% and has increased in the US for decades. Risk factors of spontaneous preterm birth remain largely mysterious. An array of environmental exposures has been evaluated as potential risk factors for preterm birth including pesticides. Pesticide use in the US represents more than $2 billion/year in expenditures and involves the application of >100 million pounds of chemicals in the environment. Many of these chemical compounds are reproductive toxicants. However, large-scale studies have not been done to investigate whether gestational pesticide exposures influence preterm birth. This important public health hypothesis has been under studied likely owing to the limited availability of exposure data coupled with the lack of good epidemiologic data on preterm births. We have identified the necessary elements to remedy this lack of information. Here we propose the largest and most rigorous population-based epidemiologic study ever conducted that targets a breadth of pesticide compounds for their influence on preterm birth. We propose the following aims: 1) To determine whether exposures to specific pesticides during pregnancy are associated with >100,000 women spontaneously delivering infants/fetuses prematurely and 2) To determine whether exposures to biologically-functional groupings (e.g., endocrine disruptors or developmental toxicants) and physiochemical groupings (e.g., carbamates, halogenated hydrocarbons, and arsenicals) of pesticides during pregnancy are associated with >100,000 women spontaneously delivering infants/fetuses prematurely. Using existing data sources, we are proposing an unprecedented and efficient opportunity to close this knowledge gap. This population-scale study will be conducted in the California San Joaquin Valley - an area that is referred to as the "food basket of the world" and as "the most productive agricultural region in the world." The San Joaquin Valley is an area with demonstrated extensive pesticide use and an area diverse in socioeconomic status and race/ethnic background. Our group has demonstrated capability to successfully carry out this project

项目概要早产是指妊娠 37 周之前的分娩。大约 1500 万婴儿早产全世界每年都有大约 10% 的患病率。美国早产率大约 13%，并且在美国几十年来一直在增加。自发性早产的危险因素在很大程度上仍然是神秘的。一系列环境暴露已被评估为潜在风险因素用于早产，包括杀虫剂。美国每年的农药使用量超过 20 亿美元支出并涉及在环境中使用超过 1 亿磅的化学品。许多这些化合物是生殖毒物。但尚未进行大规模研究研究妊娠期农药暴露是否会影响早产。这一重要的公共卫生假设尚未得到研究，可能是由于暴露数据有限且缺乏关于早产的良好流行病学数据。我们已经确定了弥补这一缺陷的必要要素的信息。在此，我们提出有史以来规模最大、最严格的基于人群的流行病学研究一项针对多种农药化合物对早产影响的研究。我们建议以下目标： 1) 确定怀孕期间接触特定农药是否与 >100,000 名妇女自然早产婴儿/胎儿，并且 2) 确定是否暴露于生物功能组（例如内分泌干扰物或发育毒物）和农药的理化分组（例如氨基甲酸酯、卤代烃和砷）怀孕与超过 100,000 名妇女自然早产婴儿/胎儿有关。使用现有的数据源，我们提出了一个前所未有的有效机会来关闭这些知识差距。这项人口规模的研究将在加利福尼亚州圣华金河谷进行 - 该地区被称为“世界粮食篮子”和“世界上生产力最高的农业地区”。这圣华金河谷是一个农药使用广泛且具有多样化特征的地区社会经济地位和种族/民族背景。我们的团队已证明有能力成功执行这个项目