EXTRA-LENTICULAR ASPECTS OF ACCOMMODATION AND PRESBYOPIA

调节和老花眼的晶状体外方面

• 批准号: 8173152
• 负责人: PAUL L KAUFMAN
• 金额: $ 3.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8173152
• 关键词: Age; Aging; Anterior; Applications Grants; Autopsy; Choroid; Ciliary Body; Ciliary Muscle; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Data; Devices; Educational process of instructing; Elasticity; Eye; Functional disorder; Funding; Goals; Grant; Human; Image; Individual; Institution; Intraocular lens implant device; Investigation; Life; Macaca mulatta; Modeling; Monkeys; Movement; Muscle; Optics; Parents; Play; Positioning Attribute; Presbyopia; Productivity; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Rest; Role; Sclerosis; Shapes; Source; Techniques; Time; Tissues; United States National Institutes of Health; age related; cost; in vivo; lens; next generation; nonhuman primate; public health relevance

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Objective: To determine what role the extralenticular tissues play in the pathophysiology of age-related ciliary muscle immobility. Our research into the pathophysiology of presbyopia, the age-related loss of the eye's ability to focus on near objects, has found evidence in a monkey model that the aging ciliary muscle is restricted in accommodative movement by its posterior elastic attachments. In the Parent R21 grant application, our goal is to determine the role of the posterior zonule in accommodation and presbyopia. In this supplement application (Notice number: NOT-OD-09-058) we wish to expand our investigation by determining the role of the choroid, another of the ciliary muscle's posterior elastic attachments, in restricting the accommodative movement of the ciliary muscle with age. Human accommodative amplitude (the ability of the eye to focus on near objects) declines progressively with age, beginning in the second decade of life and perhaps earlier, and is completely gone by age 50-55 years.[1] No individual appears exempt, making presbyopia (literally, "old eye") the most common ocular affliction in the world. Although certainly not a blinding condition, and correctable by various optical means, presbyopia's cost in devices and lost productivity is substantial.[2] Although much useful and relevant information has been garnered from studies in living and postmortem human eyes, the invasive techniques required to answer some of the most critical questions cannot be employed in the living human. While the eyes of subprimate species either do not accommodate or accommodate by mechanisms very different from that of the human,[3] the accommodative apparatus of the rhesus monkey eye is very similar to that of the human eye.[4] [5] [6] Rhesus accommodation declines on a relative time scale that is essentially identical to that of the human.[5] Our group has utilized the rhesus monkey to contribute significant new information relevant to presbyopia pathophysiology. In this model, we have demonstrated that the ciliary body excursion during accommodation diminishes with age, probably due to an age-related decrease in elasticity of the posterior attachments.[7, 8] This restricts the degree of accommodative amplitude. We have also shown that the movement of the lens equator decreases with age, again resulting in reduced accommodative amplitude.[7, 8] Further, although histological data from excised postmortem human eyes shows the older human ciliary body at rest in an anterior/inward position, we have preliminary imaging data that suggest this may not be the case in vivo (see Preliminary Studies). Classical teaching attributes presbyopia to "lenticular sclerosis," or "lens hardening,"[2, 9-15] so that the lens cannot change shape, but the definitive mechanism that results in presbyopia remains elusive. In search of a way to restore some degree of accommodative amplitude, we hypothesize that age-related immobility of the muscle is due to posterior restriction. Further, if these posterior restrictions are eliminated, mobility of the muscle can be restored and facilitate the function of accommodating intraocular lenses (IOLs). PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Our goal is to determine what role the extralenticular tissues play in the pathophysiology of age- related ciliary muscle immobility in the non-human primate, and to determine whether the resulting model is relevant to human presbyopia. This may be crucial in enabling the function of next- generation intraocular lenses (IOLs).

该副本是利用众多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子弹和 调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构是 对于中心，这不一定是调查员的机构。 目的：确定脑外组织在与年龄相关的纤毛肌肉不动的病理生理学中起何种作用。 我们对长老会的病理生理学的研究，即眼睛关注近物体的年龄相关的丧失，在猴子模型中发现了证据表明，老化的纤毛肌肉受到其后弹性附件在适应性运动中受到限制。在父级R21赠款申请中，我们的目标是确定后地带在住宿和长老会中的作用。在此补充应用程序中（通知号：Not-OD-09-058），我们希望通过确定脉络膜的作用（纤毛肌肉的另一种后弹性附着）来扩展我们的研究，从而限制了随着年龄的增长的纤毛肌肉的适应性运动。人类的适应性振幅（眼睛专注于附近物体的能力）随着年龄的增长而逐渐下降，从生命的第二个十年开始，也许更早，并且到50 - 55岁时就完全消失了。[1]没有人可以免税，使长老会（从字面上看，“旧眼”）成为世界上最常见的眼部痛苦。尽管当然不是盲目的状况，并且可以通过各种光学手段来纠正，但长老会在设备中的成本和生产力损失是很大的。[2]尽管从生活和尸体后人类眼中的研究中获得了很多有用和相关的信息，但回答一些最关键问题所需的侵入性技术无法在活人中使用。虽然亚山脉物种的眼睛不能通过与人类大不相同的机制来容纳或适应的眼睛，但[3]恒河猴的可容纳仪器与人眼非常相似。[4] [5] [6]恒河猴的住宿在相对时间尺度上下降，该时间尺度与人类的时间尺度基本相同。[5]我们的小组利用恒河猴来贡献与长老会病理生理学有关的重要新信息。在该模型中，我们已经证明，在适应期间的睫状体游览随着年龄的增长而减少，这可能是由于年龄相关的后附着弹性降低。[7，8]这限制了适应性振幅的程度。 We have also shown that the movement of the lens equator decreases with age, again resulting in reduced accommodative amplitude.[7, 8] Further, although histological data from excised postmortem human eyes shows the older human ciliary body at rest in an anterior/inward position, we have preliminary imaging data that suggest this may not be the case in vivo (see Preliminary Studies).古典教学将长老会属于“宽性硬化症”或“透镜硬化”，[2，9-15]，以使镜头无法改变形状，但是导致长老会导致的确定机制仍然难以捉摸。为了寻找一种恢复一定程度的可容纳幅度的方法，我们假设肌肉与年龄相关的固定性是由于后部限制。此外，如果消除了这些后部限制，则可以恢复肌肉的迁移率并促进可容纳人眼镜（IOL）的功能。 公共卫生相关性：我们的目标是确定胸外组织在非人类灵长类动物中与年龄相关的睫状肌肉固定的病理生物生物生物生物生物生物生物生物生物学中的作用，并确定所得模型是否与人类的长老会有关。这对于实现下一代人眼内镜头（IOL）的功能可能至关重要。