Impact Of Environmental Factors On Independent Community

环境因素对独立社区的影响

• 批准号: 6668758
• 负责人: Jack M Guralnik
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6668758
• 关键词: aging; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; community; disabling disease; functional ability; housing; human old age (65+); human subject

Mobility, defined as the ability to move independently from one point to another, emerges from the interaction of the individual with the environment. Mobility disability results when the individual is unable to meet the demands of the environment and thus restricts his or her mobility to smaller and smaller geographic ranges (i.e. immediate neighborhood, then their home, then one room in their home). Previous research examining mobility disability in older adults has focused primarily on factors within the individual such as weakness, pain, loss of motion, and co-morbidities that result in mobility disability. Little research has been done to explore the role of external factors, such as environmental features, on the emergence of mobility disability in older adults. This study has developed a tool to quantify the influence of specific environmental factors on the capacity for independent community mobility in older adults. An assessment protocol has been developed that examines the activities of older persons in their communities and evaluates actual activities done in the community. This protocol will be used in future research to (a) identify critical environmental factors which contribute to mobility disability in older adults (for example which factors restrict individuals to their homes), (b) describe effective and ineffective strategies used by older adults to meet the demands of their community environment, and (c) develop mobility nomograms that can be used by clinicians to assess individual's mobility disability.

移动性被定义为独立地从一点移动到另一点的能力，它产生于个人与环境的相互作用。当个人无法满足环境的要求并因此将其流动性限制在越来越小的地理范围（即紧邻的社区，然后是他们的家，然后是他们家中的一个房间）时，就会出现行动障碍。先前对老年人行动障碍的研究主要集中于个体内部因素，例如虚弱、疼痛、运动丧失以及导致行动障碍的合并症。很少有研究探讨外部因素（例如环境特征）对老年人行动障碍的影响。这项研究开发了一种工具来量化特定环境因素对老年人独立社区流动能力的影响。已经制定了一项评估协议，检查老年人在其社区中的活动并评估在社区中进行的实际活动。该协议将在未来的研究中使用，以（a）确定导致老年人行动障碍的关键环境因素（例如哪些因素限制个人在家中），（b）描述老年人为满足老年人的需求而使用的有效和无效策略社区环境的需求，以及 (c) 开发可供临床医生用来评估个人行动障碍的活动列线图。