Emergence, Progression and Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Variants in West Virginia

西弗吉尼亚州 SARS-CoV-2 变种的出现、进展和影响

• 批准号: 10381294
• 负责人: Sally Lynn Hodder
• 金额: $ 67.8万
• 依托单位: WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-15 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10381294
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Acceleration; Achievement; Adherence; African American; Age; Antibodies; Area; COVID-19; COVID-19 Prevention Network; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 surveillance; COVID-19 testing; COVID-19 treatment; COVID-19 vaccine; Cessation of life; Clinical; Clinical Sciences; Clinical Trials; Collaborations; Color; Communities; Country; County; Data; Databases; Diagnosis; Disease; District of Columbia; Dose; Effectiveness; Enrollment; Epidemic; Evolution; General Population; Health Personnel; Health Resources; Human Resources; Immunity; Individual; Informed Consent; Institutes; Location; Measures; Medicine; Metadata; Monoclonal Antibodies; Mutate; Nursing Homes; Outcome; Patients; Pattern; Persons; Phase; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Race; Receptor Cell; Research; Resistance; Rural; SARS-CoV-2 genome; SARS-CoV-2 positive; SARS-CoV-2 variant; Sampling; Social Distance; Students; Symptoms; Testing; Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies; Time; TimeLine; Translational Research; Underserved Population; Universities; Vaccinated; Vaccination; Vaccines; Variant; Viral Genome; Virus; West Virginia; Work; cohesion; coronavirus disease; laboratory development; nasal swab; novel; novel coronavirus; pandemic disease; pressure; programs; protective effect; response; rural area; scale up; university student; vaccine acceptance; vaccine trial

PROGRAM SUMMARY The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has swept the globe resulting in millions of deaths. Recent descriptions of variants have raised concerns regarding the impact on the effectiveness of COVID-19 therapies and preventive strategies including monoclonal antibodies and vaccines. Though COVID vaccine scale-up in West Virginia is currently among the best in the nation, West Virginia’s population is highly vulnerable to emergent variants that may impact the effectiveness of current vaccines and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. To suppress the ongoing pandemic it is critical to identify, track and isolate new variants before they spread and bring a wave of disease that is resistant to current vaccines. Noteworthy is that we have already established high throughput SARS-CoV-2 sequencing with long-standing collaborations between Marshall University, West Virginia University, and the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources. We are well positioned to provide rapid, impactful information regarding the prevalence, changing patterns, and clinical outcomes with respect to variants as well as on the effect of variants among those who have received a COVID-19 vaccine. This project will sequence SARS-CoV-2 from heterogeneous populations by leveraging three existing testing programs that include: 1) the Rapid Acceleration of Diagnosis in Underserved Populations (RADx-UP) that has already tested over 1,500 persons throughout the state, 2) surveillance testing among nursing home residents and staff, and 3) university surveillance testing. Through the RADx-UP initiative, testing is currently conducted in 37 counties; all positive tests will be sent for sequencing, enabling assessment of variants in disparate locations in West Virginia – some within 40 minutes of the metro Washington DC area and others in remote rural locations. Moreover, the WV RADx-UP initiative is also conducting testing among communities of color (predominantly Black/African American) enabling description of variants among this group in comparison to the general population of WV. Relevant to nursing home populations, age has been associated with lower antibody levels in both the Moderna and Pfizer Phase 3 vaccine trials. Nursing home patients may be more likely to have suboptimal immunity, a scenario that is ripe for emergence of existing or novel variants. Finally, university students by virtue of their mobility and variable adherence to social distancing measures suggest fertile ground for emergence of variants. Sequencing of all isolates from the WVU surveillance testing program will provide an excellent opportunity to assess cases caused by variants over time. As this project will support SARS-CoV-2 sequencing in multiple West Virginia populations, we are confident that this surveillance sequencing will quickly identify variant emergence and distributions so as appropriate public health measures may be implemented.

计划概要 新型冠状病毒 SARS-CoV-2 席卷全球，导致数百万人死亡。 变异引起了人们对 COVID-19 治疗和预防有效性影响的担忧 尽管西弗吉尼亚州的新冠疫苗规模扩大正在实施，包括单克隆抗体和疫苗。 目前，西弗吉尼亚州的人口在全国名列前茅，非常容易受到新出现的变种的影响。 可能会影响现有疫苗和治疗性单克隆抗体的有效性。 正在持续的大流行中，在新变种传播并带来一波疫情之前识别、跟踪和隔离它们至关重要 值得注意的是，我们已经建立了高通量。 西弗吉尼亚州马歇尔大学长期合作进行 SARS-CoV-2 测序 大学以及西弗吉尼亚州卫生和人力资源部我们有能力提供。 关于流行病、变化模式和临床结果的快速、有影响力的信息 该项目研究了变异情况以及对已接种 COVID-19 疫苗的人的影响。 将利用三个现有的测试程序对异质人群中的 SARS-CoV-2 进行测序 包括： 1) 已在服务不足人群中快速加速诊断 (RADx-UP) 全州超过 1,500 人，2) 对疗养院居民和工作人员进行监测测试，以及 3) 通过 RADx-UP 计划，目前在 37 个县进行了大学监督测试； 阳性检测结果将被送去测序，从而能够对西弗吉尼亚州不同地点的变异进行评估 – 有些距离华盛顿特区都会区不到 40 分钟路程，有些则位于偏远的乡村地区。 WV RADx-UP 计划还在有色人种社区（主要是黑人/非洲人）中进行测试 美国）能够描述该群体与西弗吉尼亚州一般人群相比的变异。 与疗养院人群相关，年龄与 Moderna 中较低的抗体水平有关 辉瑞公司的三期疫苗试验可能更有可能出现免疫力欠佳的情况。 最后，大学生凭借自己的能力，出现了现有的或新颖的变体。 流动性和对社交距离措施的遵守情况存在差异，这为变异的出现提供了肥沃的土壤。 对 WVU 监测测试计划中的所有分离株进行测序将提供一个绝佳的机会 随着时间的推移，评估由变异引起的病例，因为该项目将支持多种 SARS-CoV-2 测序。 西弗吉尼亚州人群，我们相信这种监测测序将快速识别变异 的出现和分布，以便采取适当的公共卫生措施。