Air Pollution and HealthGeoHealth Hub Research and Capacity Building

空气污染与健康地球健康中心研究和能力建设

基本信息

批准号：
9762998
负责人：
Dorairaj Prabhakaran
金额：
$ 30万
依托单位：
CENTRE FOR CHRONIC DISEASE CONTROL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-28 至 2021-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9762998
关键词：
Address Air Pollution Area Asia Blood Carbon Cardiovascular Diseases Cause of Death Cessation of life Characteristics Chronic Cities Cohort Studies Complex Country DNA Methylation Data Developed Countries Developing Countries Diet Disease Dose Educational Curriculum Educational Status Environment Environmental Exposure Environmental Health Epidemiology Epigenetic Process Exposure to Faculty Foundations Funding Future Generations Goals Government Agencies Health Health Professional Home environment Household Household Air Pollution Human Resources Income India Individual Inequality Institution Intermediate Variables Intervention Joints Knowledge Laboratories Lead Link Lung diseases Malignant Neoplasms Measurement Measures Mediating Mediation Mediator of activation protein Mentors Morbidity - disease rate Nitrates Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Occupational Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Occupational Status Occupations Outcome Ozone Physical activity Policies Policy Maker Pollution Population Predisposition Public Health Public Health Applications Research Public Health Education Public Health Schools Research Research Activity Research Methodology Research Personnel Research Support Research Training Risk Factors Risk Reduction Role Scanning Scientist Socioeconomic Status Statistical Methods Strategic Planning Subgroup Temperature Training Training Programs Training Support Translating Unspecified or Sulfate Ion Sulfates Urbanization Vitamin D Work base built environment burden of illness cardiometabolic risk cardiometabolism cardiovascular health disability-adjusted life years epigenome fine particles improved infrastructure development low and middle-income countries methylation pattern multidisciplinary pollutant predictive modeling programs public health relevance response rural area spatiotemporal surveillance study years of life lost

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant Environmental exposures are major causes of death and morbidity globally, and both outdoor and household air pollution are increasingly recognized as major contributors to years of life lost and disability-adjusted life years (DALY). Rapid urbanization In India has resulted in some of the world's worst air pollution, which contributes to the deaths of more than 620,000 Indians annually. Despite the known health effects of indoor and outdoor pollution, data are lacking on the dose-response relationship between exposures and specific causes of death and intermediate variables such as cardiometabolic factors in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as India. Generation of data on the unique characteristics of environmental exposures in LMICs is urgently needed in order to mitigate the health effects. Not only is there a need to understand more about exposures in LMICs, but there is also a need to improve training of environmental health professionals who can translate this information into interventions to decrease exposure and improve health. The number of public health professionals in India is 1-2 orders of magnitude less than the estimated need, and the situation is particularly dire in the areas of environmental and occupational health. A sustained effort to increase the number of public health professionals with both deep training in environmental and occupational research methods and broad training in these areas as part of MPH or diploma degrees is urgently needed in India. In this proposed project, entitled "Air Pollution and Health GeoHealth Hub Research and Capacity Building-US," we have assembled a multidisciplinary group of researchers, mentors and program faculty from the Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) and Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI) to generate data needed to address the unique characteristics of exposures in India and to build the capacity of public health professionals in India to conduct high quality research and knowledge that can be translated into policy improvements. The training program will include a robust platform of short, medium, and long-range training components, including: Master's level training at HSPH, an intensive summer training and mentored research program, curriculum that will support the institution of an environmental health concentration in PHFI's existing Master's level training, and support for PHFI faculty involved in the U01 to complete mentored research activities at HSPH. The project will be led by Dr.Cash and Dr.Schwartz from HSPH and by Dr. Prabhakaran and Dr. Reddy from PHFI, who will be assisted by the: 1) Administrative Oversight Committee; 2) Training Oversight Committee; 3) Program coordination personnel at HSPH and PHFI; and 4) Supervisory teams to provide oversight for individual trainees. Evidence from the research conducted under the linked U01 will directly inform Indian government agencies and policy makers on how to reduce air pollution levels in order to reduce the consequent burden of disease. The proposed training of PHFI scientists will give build capacity to apply for future funding and fully understand and address this environmental threat.

描述（由申请人提供环境暴露是全球死亡和发病的主要原因，人们越来越认识到室外和家庭空气污染是造成寿命损失和伤残调整生命年 (DALY) 的主要原因。印度的快速城市化导致在世界上一些空气污染最严重的地区，这导致每年有超过 620,000 名印度人死亡，尽管室内和室外污染对健康的影响已为人所知，但仍缺乏有关暴露与具体死亡原因以及低收入和中等收入者心脏代谢因素等中间变量之间的剂量反应关系的数据。为了减轻健康影响，迫切需要生成有关中低收入国家环境暴露的独特特征的数据，不仅需要更多地了解这些国家的暴露情况。中低收入国家，但还需要改进对环境卫生专业人员的培训，他们可以将这些信息转化为干预措施，以减少接触并改善健康状况。印度的公共卫生专业人员数量比估计需求少 1-2 个数量级，环境和职业健康领域的情况尤其严峻，需要持续努力增加在环境和职业研究方法方面接受过深入培训的公共卫生专业人员的数量，并作为公共卫生硕士或文凭学位的一部分在这些领域进行广泛培训。在这个拟议的项目中，印度迫切需要。 “空气污染与健康地球健康中心研究和能力建设 - 美国”，我们组建了一个由来自哈佛大学公共卫生学院 (HSPH) 和印度公共卫生基金会 (PHFI) 的研究人员、导师和项目教师组成的多学科小组来生成数据需要解决印度暴露的独特特征，并建设印度公共卫生专业人员进行高质量研究和知识的能力，这些研究和知识可以转化为政策改进。远程培训内容，包括： HSPH 的硕士水平培训、强化暑期培训和指导研究计划、支持 PHFI 现有硕士水平培训中的环境健康重点机构的课程，以及支持参与 U01 的 PHFI 教师在 HSPH 完成指导研究活动。该项目将由 HSPH 的 Cash 博士和 Schwartz 博士以及 PHFI 的 Prabhakaran 博士和 Reddy 博士领导，他们将得到以下人员的协助：1)行政监督委员会； 2) 培训监督委员会； 3) HSPH 和 PHFI 的项目协调人员；以及 4) 为个别学员提供监督的监督团队将直接告知印度政府机构和政策制定者。关于如何降低空气污染水平，以减轻随之而来的疾病负担拟议的 PHFI 科学家培训将增强申请未来资金的能力，并充分了解和应对这一环境威胁。