2/2-GEOHealth Health Effects of Selected Environmental Exposomes Across the Life CourSe (HEALS)-US

2/2-GEOHealth 整个生命过程中选定环境暴露体的健康影响 (HEALS)-美国

• 批准号: 10643953
• 负责人: Dorairaj Prabhakaran
• 金额: $ 27.69万
• 依托单位: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-28 至 2027-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10643953
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Affect; Age; Air Pollution; Cardiac; Cardiometabolic Disease; Cessation of life; Child; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Cities; Complex; Country; Development; Doctor of Public Health; Elderly; Elements; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Health; Event; Exposure to; Faculty; Foundations; Funding; Future; Gender; Government Agencies; Health; Heat Waves; Human Resources; India; Individual; Industry; Knowledge; Learning; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Master of Science; Mentors; Modeling; Occupations; Persons; Policies; Policy Maker; Pollution; Postdoctoral Fellow; Public Health; Public Health Schools; Public Health Students; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Scientist; Socioeconomic Status; Students; Training; Urbanization; Vulnerable Populations; Writing; burden of illness; climate change; design; disability-adjusted life years; disorder control; early-career faculty; experience; fine particles; low and middle-income countries; multidisciplinary; premature; programs; research study

Project Summary/Abstract Environmental exposures are major contributors to illness and premature death in countries around the world. Air pollution is especially concerning as it promotes chronic cardiometabolic disease and can trigger acute cardiac events. In rapidly urbanizing India, an estimated 1.67 million deaths per year are attributed to air pollution, making it a factor in nearly 18% of total deaths and 11.5% of total disability adjusted life years. While the link between air pollution and ill health is becoming clearer, we need to learn more how the components of air pollution interact with each other and with other elements of the exposome such as heat, to affect health This is especially important in LMIC cities, where industry and traffic generate pollution and climate change is causing unprecedented heat waves. We also need to identify sensitive ages where air pollution exposure can be particularly detrimental. Children pass through critical windows of development when they are highly sensitive to exposures. Older adults are more likely to experience cardiac events when air pollution and heat levels rise. In addition, exposures differ for people of different ages, gender, occupations, and socioeconomic status. To address this complex situation, India needs experts trained in environmental health to carry out research and recommend effective policies to mitigate air pollution exposure and protect those most vulnerable to its effects. In this proposed project, entitled, “2/2-GEOHealth Health Effects of Selected Environmental Exposomes Across the Life CourSe (HEALS)-US,” our multidisciplinary team of researchers, mentors and faculty from the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (HSPH) and the Centre for Chronic Disease Control (CCDC) will build on knowledge gained in our original GEOHealth project in which trainees and mentors developed models to estimate levels of ambient PM2.5 in Indian cities and quantified the links between air pollution exposure and cardiometabolic disease and death in Delhi. In addition, three students earned master’s degrees from HSPH and one earned a Doctor of Public Health (DrPH). The proposed project will focus on training early career faculty and researchers and recent post-docs in designing a research study, writing up a proposal, and carrying out research on topics related to the research aims of characterizing the exposome and identifying groups most vulnerable to the effects of air pollution. Two additional DrPH students will also be trained. The project will be led by Dr.Sieber and Dr.Schwartz from HSPH and by Dr. Prabhakaran of CCDC and Dr. Reddy of the Public Health Foundation of India who will be assisted by the: 1) Administrative Oversight Committee; 2) Training Oversight Committee; 3) Program coordination personnel at HSPH and CCDC; and 4) Supervisory teams to provide oversight for individual trainees. Evidence from the research conducted under the linked U01 will directly inform Indian government agencies and policy makers on how to reduce air pollution exposures and how to protect the most vulnerable groups to reduce the consequent burden of disease. The proposed training of Indian scientists will build capacity to apply for future funding and to fully understand and address this environmental threat.

项目概要/摘要 环境暴露是世界各国疾病和过早死亡的主要原因。 空气污染尤其令人担忧，因为它会促进慢性心脏代谢疾病，并可能引发急性心脏病 在快速城市化的印度，估计每年有 167 万人死于空气污染。 污染导致近 18% 的死亡总数和 11.5% 的伤残调整生命年总数。 空气污染与疾病之间的联系更加清晰，我们需要更多地了解空气污染的组成部分如何 空气污染彼此相互作用，并与暴露体中的其他元素（例如热量）相互作用，从而影响健康 在中低收入国家城市中尤其重要，因为工业和交通会产生污染，而气候变化又会导致这些城市 我们还需要确定空气污染暴露的敏感年龄。 儿童在高度敏感时会经历关键的发展窗口。 当空气污染和热量水平升高时，老年人更容易发生心脏病。 此外，不同年龄、性别、职业和社会经济地位的人的暴露程度也不同。 为了应对这一复杂的情况，印度需要接受过环境卫生培训的专家来开展研究和 建议有效的政策来减轻空气污染暴露并保护那些最容易受到其影响的人。 在这个题为“2/2-GEOHealth 选定环境暴露体的健康影响”的拟议项目中 Across the Life CourSe (HEALS)-US”，我们的多学科团队由来自美国的研究人员、导师和教师组成 哈佛大学陈曾熙公共卫生学院 (HSPH) 和慢性病控制中心 (CCDC) 以我们最初的 GEOHealth 项目中获得的知识为基础，在该项目中，学员和导师开发了模型 估算印度城市的环境 PM2.5 水平，并量化空气污染暴露与空气污染之间的联系 德里的心脏代谢疾病和死亡 此外，三名学生还获得了 HSPH 的硕士学位。 其中一名获得了公共卫生博士学位（DrPH）。拟议的项目将侧重于培训早期职业教师。 以及研究人员和最近的博士后设计研究、撰写提案和实施 与表征暴露组和识别最重要群体的研究目标相关的主题的研究 另外两名博士生也将接受该项目的培训。 作者：HSPH 的 Sieber 博士和 Schwartz 博士、CCDC 的 Prabhakaran 博士和公共卫生部门的 Reddy 博士 印度基金会将得到以下机构的协助：1) 行政监督委员会；2) 培训监督； 委员会；3) HSPH 和 CCDC 的项目协调人员；以及 4) 监督小组； 对个别受训者的监督将直接为链接的 U01 下进行的研究提供信息。 印度政府机构和政策制定者如何减少空气污染暴露以及如何保护环境 拟议对印度科学家进行培训，以减轻最脆弱群体的疾病负担。 将建设申请未来资金以及充分理解和应对这一环境威胁的能力。