The contribution of air pollution to racial and ethnic disparities in Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias: An application of causal inference methods

空气污染对阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症的种族和民族差异的影响：因果推理方法的应用

• 批准号: 10642607
• 负责人: Sindana Ilango
• 金额: $ 12.64万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-15 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10642607
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Acceleration; Active Learning; Address; Adherence; Adverse effects; Aging; Air; Air Pollution; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Area; Award; Blood Vessels; Caucasians; Chronic; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Cohort Studies; Color; Communities; Complement; Data; Data Sources; Dedications; Dimensions; Disparity; Education; Elderly; Environment; Environmental Epidemiology; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Health; Environmental Policy; Equity; Ethnic Population; Evaluation; Exposure to; Future; Geography; Ginkgo biloba; Goals; Health; Hispanic; Housing; Impaired cognition; Incidence; Individual; Intervention; Latino; Latinx; Learning; Measurement; Measures; Memory; Mentors; Methods; Mexican Americans; Neighborhoods; Not Hispanic or Latino; Outcome; Pattern; Persons; Policies; Policy Analysis; Policy Maker; Population; Poverty; Predisposition; Public Health; Quasi-experiment; Race; Reduce health disparities; Regulation; Research; Research Design; Risk; Risk Factors; Social Environment; Structure; Testing; Training; age related; air quality regulation; career; cohort; computerized data processing; dementia risk; econometrics; environmental health disparity; epidemiology study; ethnic difference; ethnic disparity; ethnic diversity; ethnic minority; ethnic minority population; evidence base; health disparity; healthy aging; high risk; improved; innovation; insight; low socioeconomic status; modifiable risk; multidisciplinary; novel strategies; people of color; racial difference; racial disparity; racial diversity; racial minority; racial minority population; racial population; residential segregation; risk prediction; skills; social disparities; social epidemiology; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY Racial/ethnic minorities are at a higher risk for age-related cognitive dysfunction compared to non-Hispanic (NH) Whites. The mechanisms underlying this disparity are not well understood. Exposure to air pollution may be one important driver of these disparities. Recent epidemiologic studies suggest that increased exposure to air pollution increases risk of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD). Compared to NH Whites, racial/ethnic minorities are more likely to live in neighborhoods with higher levels of air pollution. No prior research, however, has quantified the contribution of air pollution as a driver of racial/ethnic disparities in ADRD. The scientific objective of this research is to evaluate air pollution as a potential driver of racial/ethnic disparities in ADRD and to understand the potential implications of air quality regulations on ADRD risk. We will focus this research on disparities between Mexican American and NH White racial/ethnic groups. This project uses an innovative approach to combine data from two existing cohort studies: The Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging and the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study. We will harmonize outcome and exposure data from the two cohorts and examine whether the effect of air pollution on ADRD risk varies across racial/ethnic groups. We will also examine whether air pollution drives disparities in ADRD by examining racial/ethnic differences in air pollution exposure, individual- and neighborhood-level susceptibility to air pollution. Finally, we will measure the potential impacts of air quality regulations on ADRD risk, using air quality regulations related to seaports as an example. The proposed research will leverage advanced causal inference methods including econometric quasi-experimental study designs to carry out the proposed research. This research plan is complemented by a mentored training plan that builds upon the candidate’s background in environmental epidemiology and includes coursework, structured mentoring, and experiential learning in the following areas: 1) racial/ethnic disparities in ADRD, 2) environmental health disparities, 3) harmonization of cognitive data, 4) air quality regulations, and 5) application of advanced social epidemiology and causal inference methods. Together, the proposed research and training plan will prepare the candidate for a successful independent research career dedicated to identifying environmental determinants of healthy aging, especially in racial/ethnic minority populations.

项目概要 与非西班牙裔人相比，少数种族/族裔出现与年龄相关的认知功能障碍的风险更高 (NH) 白人暴露于空气污染的机制尚不清楚。 最近的流行病学研究表明，接触环境的增加是造成这些差异的重要因素之一。 与新罕布什尔州白人相比，空气污染会增加患阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症 (ADRD) 的风险。 少数族裔更有可能居住在空气污染程度较高的社区。 然而，研究量化了空气污染作为种族/民族差异驱动因素的贡献。 ADRD。这项研究的科学目标是评估空气污染作为种族/民族的潜在驱动因素。 ADRD 的差异并了解空气质量法规对 ADRD 风险的潜在影响。 这项研究的重点是墨西哥裔美国人和新罕布什尔州白人种族/族裔群体之间的差异。 项目采用创新方法结合两个现有队列研究的数据：萨克拉门托地区 拉丁裔衰老研究和银杏记忆研究评估我们将协调结果和暴露。 来自两个队列的数据，并检查空气污染对 ADRD 风险的影响是否因人而异 我们还将通过研究空气污染是否会导致 ADRD 差异。 空气污染暴露的种族/民族差异、个人和社区对空气的易感性 最后，我们将利用空气质量来衡量空气质量法规对 ADRD 风险的潜在影响。 以与海港相关的法规为例，拟议的研究将利用先进的因果推理。 方法包括计量经济学准实验研究设计来开展所提出的研究。 研究计划辅以基于候选人背景的指导培训计划 环境流行病学，包括课程作业、结构化指导和体验式学习 以下领域：1) ADRD 中的种族/民族差异，2) 环境健康差异，3) 协调 认知数据，4) 空气质量法规，以及 5) 先进社会流行病学和因果关系的应用 所提出的研究和培训计划将为候选人做好准备。 成功的独立研究生涯致力于确定健康老龄化的环境决定因素， 特别是在少数种族/族裔人口中。