Learning Related Modulation of Resting Brain Metabolism

静息脑代谢的学习相关调节

• 批准号: 7558248
• 负责人: Sanjeev Vaishnavi
• 金额: $ 4.62万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-02-01 至 2011-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7558248
• 关键词: Alzheimer' s Disease; Area; Blood flow; Brain; Brain imaging; Cognitive; Complex; Consumption; Data Analyses; Defect; Disease; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Glucose; Human; Imaging Techniques; Intervention; Learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measurement; Measures; Metabolic; Metabolism; Neurons; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxygen; Oxygen Consumption; Positron-Emission Tomography; Regional Blood Flow; Reporting; Research; Research Project Grants; Rest; Retrieval; Rotation; Signal Transduction; Specificity; Stimulus; Stroke; Structure; Synapses; Task Performances; Techniques; Testing; Visual; aerobic glycolysis; aging population; blood oxygen level dependent; brain metabolism; clinically relevant; glucose metabolism; indexing; interest; neuroimaging; research study; visual motor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Functional neuroimaging techniques such as blood-oxygen level dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography (PET) reveal task-induced alterations in neuronal activity and metabolism. The objective of the current research is to understand the changes in baseline brain activity following task induction in humans. Specifically, the current study will characterize alterations in metabolism (detected via PET) and functional connectivity of the brain (detected via fMRI) following learning of an implicit visuomotor rotation task. This research will provide important evidence about the intrinsic structure of the brain, the effect of learning on brain metabolism, and provide new avenues to research metabolic defects in brain function. The experimental focus will be to specifically test the hypothesis that transient, task-related local activity changes result in long-term increases in aerobic glycolysis in resting brain. Currently, functional imaging techniques rely upon the assumption of a true baseline state both before and after task-related stimulation. While this assumption allows for simple data analysis, global alterations in glucose metabolism have been reported following complex stimuli. All external stimuli result in slight alterations in brain structure and function; these alterations could result from simple or more complex visual, visuomotor, or cognitive tasks. Defects in the encoding of information into neuronal circuits or defects in retrieval of such information represent an important area with great clinical relevance, especially due to the increasing burden of Alzheimer's disease in the aging population. The specific aims are to: 1) Characterize the effect of rotation learning upon subsequent baseline glucose metabolism (measured via FDG-PET) and functional connectivity (measured via alterations in spontaneous fMRI BOLD signal). Determine regional specificity of baseline metabolic alterations and task-specific activity increases. 2) Characterize the persistent metabolic changes following rotation learning into aerobic glycolysis or oxidative phosphorylation. Determine the oxygen-glucose-index (OGI) throughout the brain using measurements of regional blood flow, oxygen consumption, and glucose consumption via PET. Determine correlations between metabolic changes (OGI) and spontaneous BOLD activity. The objective of this research project is to use functional brain imaging to understand exactly how baseline brain activity changes after learning. This research will provide important information about how the brain is structured and how diseases such as Alzheimer's and stroke may alter brain activity and metabolism.

描述（由申请人提供）： 功能性神经影像学技术，例如血氧水平依赖（粗体）磁共振成像和正电子发射断层扫描（PET）揭示了任务引起的神经元活性和代谢的改变。当前研究的目的是了解人类任务诱导后基线大脑活动的变化。具体而言，当前的研究将表征新陈代谢的改变（通过PET检测到）和大脑的功能连通性（通过fMRI检测）在学习隐式视觉旋转任务后。这项研究将提供有关大脑内在结构的重要证据，学习对脑代谢的影响，并为研究大脑功能的代谢缺陷提供了新的途径。实验重点将是特异性检验以下假设：瞬态，与任务相关的局部活动变化导致静息脑中有氧糖酵解的长期增加。当前，功能成像技术依赖于与任务相关的刺激之前和之后的真实基线状态的假设。尽管这种假设允许简单的数据分析，但在复杂的刺激后，已经报道了葡萄糖代谢的全球变化。所有外部刺激都会导致大脑结构和功能的略有改变。这些更改可能是由简单或更复杂的视觉，视觉运动或认知任务引起的。将信息编码为神经元回路的缺陷或检​​索此类信息的缺陷代表了一个重要的领域，具有很大的临床相关性，尤其是由于老年人口中阿尔茨海默氏病的负担增加。具体目的是：1）表征旋转学习对随后的基线葡萄糖代谢（通过FDG-PET测量）和功能连接性（通过自发fMRI BOLD信号的改变测量）的影响。确定基线代谢改变的区域特异性和特定于任务的活动的增加。 2）表征旋转学习到有氧糖酵解或氧化磷酸化后持续的代谢变化。通过测量区域血流，氧气消耗和通过PET的葡萄糖消耗，确定整个大脑中氧气 - 葡萄糖 - 索引（OGI）。确定代谢变化（OGI）和自发BOLD活性之间的相关性。该研究项目的目的是使用功能性脑成像来确切了解基线大脑活动后如何改变学习后。这项研究将提供有关大脑结构如何以及阿尔茨海默氏症和中风等疾病的重要信息可能会改变大脑活动和代谢。