Project 1: Greenspace to build resilience to climate change impacts on health: The good, the bad, and the future

项目 1：绿色空间，增强抵御气候变化对健康影响的能力：好的、坏的和未来

• 批准号: 10835396
• 负责人: Shujuan Li
• 金额: $ 83.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-22 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10835396
• 关键词: Address; Adverse effects; Air; Allergens; Animals; Area; Arizona; Assessment tool; Case Study; Cities; Climate; Collaborations; Collection; Communicable Diseases; Communication; Communities; Culicidae; Data; Decision Making; Development; Development Plans; Disease Vectors; Droughts; Ecology; Ensure; Environment; Environment Design; Environmental Science; Equity; Exposure to; Fire - disasters; Focus Groups; Future; Goals; Green space; Health; Health Benefit; Health Planning; Health Sciences; Heat Stress Disorders; Human; Indoor Air Pollution; Inequity; Intervention; Investments; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Machine Learning; Modeling; Morphology; Mosquito-borne infectious disease; Nature; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Performance; Persons; Policy Maker; Precipitation; Process; Production; Public Health; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Scientist; Shapes; Social Sciences; Southwestern United States; Temperature; Training; Trees; Water; Weather; Work; ambient air pollution; built environment; climate change; climate data; climate impact; climate-related health; community engagement; community planning; data integration; data visualization; design; disorder risk; extreme heat; field survey; health equity; improved; inequitable distribution; machine learning model; member; metropolitan; poor health outcome; preference; promote resilience; remote sensing; resilience; simulation; social; sociodemographics; statistics; tool; urban planning; vector

PROJECT ABSTRACT – Component: Project 1 Urban greenspaces are recognized as an effective tool for increasing climate change resilience by providing environmental, social, and public health benefits. However, unintended consequences of greenspaces have been observed, such as increased fire risks, allergens and vectors and animal hosts of infectious diseases. To effectively incorporate urban greenspaces into urban planning and design, it is critical for planners and designers to understand the broader impacts and trade-offs of urban greenspace development on public health outcomes. Specific compositions and morphologies of greenspaces may generate different environmental and health outcomes but these are poorly explored and nuanced approaches are critically lacking in the practice of urban planning. To address this knowledge gap, our proposed study aims to examine how urban greenspace designs can increase climate change resilience and public health. The study objectives are to: (1) evaluate the public health trade-offs of urban greenspaces with varying composition and morphology using a case study of heat-related illness and mosquito-borne disease risk in a large urban city, Phoenix, AZ; (2) develop a health effects assessment tool that can be used to predict the health impacts of proposed urban greenspace designs and plans; and (3) link scientific research and community engagement through greenspace design activities to co-produce knowledge, and elicit preferences and priorities in the impacts of greenspace design. To achieve these goals, we will integrate data on climate/weather, heat-related illnesses, mosquito abundance, and socio- demographics on urban greenspaces in Phoenix and Tucson metropolitan areas in Arizona with assistance from the Integrated Data Visualization Core. We will use the conditional spatial autoregression models (CAR) to analyze the associations between urban greenspaces (e.g., types, composition, and morphology) and heat- related illnesses and mosquito abundance. We will develop a health effects assessment tool based on a machine learning model trained with data from Phoenix metropolitan area and validated based on field collections conducted within the Tucson metropolitan area. This tool will be used to evaluate the performance of current urban greenspaces and different design scenarios of future urban greenspace development, to estimate varying levels of heat resilience, potential climate change-related health effects, and to identify inequities exacerbated by inequitable distribution of greenspace. Finally, we will develop a platform for community members to co-produce knowledge through observations of their environment and engage decision-makers and community members to develop priorities for greenspace planning.

项目摘要 – 组成部分：项目 1 城市绿地被认为是提高气候变化抵御能力的有效工具，它可以提供 然而，绿色空间也带来了意想不到的后果。 已观察到，例如火灾风险增加、过敏原和传染性疾病的媒介和动物宿主。 有效地将城市绿地纳入城市规划和设计，对于规划者和 设计师了解城市绿地开发对公共卫生的更广泛影响和权衡 绿色空间的特定组成和形态可能会产生不同的环境和结果。 健康结果，但这些都没有得到很好的探索，并且在实践中严重缺乏细致入微的方法 为了解决这一知识差距，我们提出的研究旨在研究城市绿地如何发挥作用。 设计可以提高气候变化的抵御能力和公共卫生。研究目标是：（1）评估。 使用案例研究对不同组成和形态的城市绿地进行公共卫生权衡 亚利桑那州菲尼克斯市的高温相关疾病和蚊媒疾病风险 (2) 培养健康意识； 效果评估工具，可用于预测拟议城市绿地设计对健康的影响 和计划；(3) 通过绿地设计活动将科学研究和社区参与联系起来 共同创造知识，并引发对绿色空间设计影响的偏好和优先事项以实现。 为了实现这些目标，我们将整合有关气候/天气、与炎热相关的疾病、蚊子数量和社会影响的数据。 在协助下进行亚利桑那州凤凰城和图森大都市区城市绿地的人口统计 来自集成数据可视化核心的我们将使用条件空间自回归模型（CAR）。 分析城市绿地（例如类型、组成和形态）与热之间的关联 我们将开发一种基于健康影响评估工具。 使用凤凰城都市区的数据进行训练并基于现场进行验证的机器学习模型 该工具将用于评估在图森大都市区内进行的绩效。 当前城市绿地和未来城市绿地开发的不同设计方案， 估计不同水平的热适应能力、潜在的气候变化相关的健康影响，并确定 最后，我们将开发一个平台，以解决因绿地分配不公平而加剧的不平等问题。 社区成员通过对其环境的观察共同创造知识并参与 决策者和社区成员制定绿地规划的优先事项。