Human Locomotor Plasticity in Health and Disease

健康和疾病中的人类运动可塑性

• 批准号: 8699044
• 负责人: Amy J. Bastian
• 金额: $ 30.87万
• 依托单位: HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8699044
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Attention; Brain Injuries; Cerebrum; Child; Clinical; Conflict (Psychology); Conscious; Cues; Data; Development; Devices; Disease; Funding; Goals; Grant; Health; Human; Illusions; Individual; Learning; Leg; Motion; Motor; Movement; Nervous system structure; Pattern; Persons; Physical Rehabilitation; Process; Rehabilitation therapy; Robot; Schedule; Sensory; Structure; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Visual; Walking; Work; age effect; base; clinical application; distraction; experience; hemiparesis; improved; motor disorder; motor learning; research study; treadmill training; virtual reality

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Physical rehabilitation is the main treatment for motor disorders. Yet we are far from understanding the essential principles of rehabilitation training in adults, and know even less about children. Our long-term goals are to identify critical features of the motor learning process, understand how they change during development, and discover how to optimize them for rehabilitating children and adults with hemiparesis. Here we focus on optimizing motor learning during split-belt treadmill training, a technique that shows strong promise for producing dramatic improvements in walking patterns. We have shown that deficit exaggeration during split-belt training can correct walking deficits in children and adults with hemiparesis. Specifically, exaggerating the problem by making one leg walk faster than the other drives the nervous system to adapt, and this improves walking patterns when the person returns to normal conditions. We believe that split-belt deficit exaggeration could become an important clinical approach. However, there are two critical motor learning features requiring further study to guide clinical application. First, we need to optimize generalization from split-belt walking to walking under natural conditions. Split-belt adaptation generalizes only partially to natural over-ground walking. This is a common problem with any device or robot based training strategy, where training conditions do not match real-world contexts. Thus, we will study how manipulating the sensory context with virtual reality and changing attention to the movement influence generalization. Second, we need to optimize retention of adapted walking patterns, in order to produce long-term improvements in natural walking. In previous experiments, adaptation faded within 10 20 minutes. In the proposed experiments, we will study how attention and training schedule can be used to extend retention. In all three aims, we will assess effects of age (3-adult) and presence of hemiparesis from cerebral damage. Overall, we believe our results will show how deficit exaggeration during split-belt treadmill training could be used to produce long-term improvements in natural walking.

描述（申请人提供）： 身体康复是运动障碍的主要治疗方法。然而，我们对成人康复训练的基本原理还远远不了解，对儿童的了解更是少之又少。我们的长期目标是确定运动学习过程的关键特征，了解它们在发育过程中如何变化，并发现如何优化它们以帮助偏瘫儿童和成人康复。在这里，我们专注于优化分带式跑步机训练期间的运动学习，这种技术有望显着改善步行模式。我们已经证明，在分带训练期间夸大缺陷可以纠正偏瘫儿童和成人的步行缺陷。具体来说，通过使一条腿比另一条腿走得更快来夸大问题会促使神经系统进行适应，当人恢复正常状态时，这会改善步行模式。我们相信，分裂带赤字夸大可能成为一种重要的临床方法。然而，有两个关键的运动学习特征需要进一步研究以指导临床应用。首先，我们需要优化从分带行走到自然条件下行走的泛化。分叉带适应仅部分推广到自然地面行走。这是任何基于设备或机器人的训练策略的常见问题，其中训练条件与现实环境不匹配。因此，我们将研究如何通过虚拟现实操纵感官环境以及改变对运动的注意力影响泛化。其次，我们需要优化对适应步行模式的保留，以便对自然步行产生长期改善。在之前的实验中，适应会在 10 到 20 分钟内消失。在拟议的实验中，我们将研究如何利用注意力和训练计划来延长记忆力。在所有三个目标中，我们将评估年龄（3 岁成人）和脑损伤引起的偏瘫的影响。总的来说，我们相信我们的结果将表明如何利用分带式跑步机训练期间的赤字夸大来产生自然步行的长期改善。

项目成果

Blocking trial-by-trial error correction does not interfere with motor learning in human walking.

阻止逐次尝试纠错不会干扰人类行走的运动学习。

• 发表时间: 2016-05-01
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Long, Andrew W;Roemmich, Ryan T;Bastian, Amy J
• 通讯作者: Bastian, Amy J

A Dual-Learning Paradigm Simultaneously Improves Multiple Features of Gait Post-Stroke.

双元学习范式同时改善中风后步态的多种特征。

• 发表时间: 2018
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Cherry;Statton, Matthew A;Celnik, Pablo A;Bastian, Amy J
• 通讯作者: Bastian, Amy J

Walking dynamics are symmetric (enough).

行走动态是对称的（足够的）。

• 发表时间: 2015-07-06
• 作者: Ankaralı, M Mert;Sefati, Shahin;Madhav, Manu S;Long, Andrew;Bastian, Amy J;Cowan, Noah J
• 通讯作者: Cowan, Noah J

Split-belt treadmill adaptation shows different functional networks for fast and slow human walking.

分体带跑步机适应显示了人类快走和慢走的不同功能网络。

• 发表时间: 2010-01
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Vasudevan, Erin V L;Bastian, Amy J
• 通讯作者: Bastian, Amy J

Prior experience but not size of error improves motor learning on the split-belt treadmill in young children.

先前的经验（而非错误的大小）可以改善幼儿在分带式跑步机上的运动学习。

• 发表时间: 2014
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Patrick, Susan K;Musselman, Kristin E;Tajino, Junichi;Ou, Hsiu;Bastian, Amy J;Yang, Jaynie F
• 通讯作者: Yang, Jaynie F