Uncovering Mechanisms of Racial Inequalities in ADRD: Psychosocial Risk and Resilience Factors for White Matter Integrity

揭示 ADRD 中种族不平等的机制：心理社会风险和白质完整性的弹性因素

• 批准号: 10676358
• 负责人: Jordan D. Palms
• 金额: $ 4.05万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-01-10 至 2026-01-09
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10676358
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Anisotropy; Applied Research; Automobile Driving; Black race; Brain; Buffers; Clinical; Cognitive aging; Cohort Studies; Collaborations; Communities; Data; Dedications; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Discrimination; Disparity; Elderly; Fellowship; Future; Goals; Health Disparities Research; Height; Image; Individual; Inequality; Institution; Intervention; Jordan; Life; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Manuscripts; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mentorship; Methodology; Michigan; Minority; Minority Groups; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Neuropsychology; Not Hispanic or Latino; Outcome; Participant; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Persons; Psychology; Psychosocial Stress; Race; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Series; Socioeconomic Factors; Statistical Data Interpretation; Training; Treatment/Psychosocial Effects; United States; Universities; Washington; aging brain; biopsychosocial; biopsychosocial factor; black/white disparity; brain health; career; cerebrovascular health; cohort; dementia risk; design; disparity reduction; driving force; ethnic diversity; experience; hands on research; image processing; improved; neuroimaging; protective factors; psychosocial; psychosocial stressors; racial difference; racial discrimination; racial disparity; racial diversity; racial population; research study; resilience; resilience factor; social cohesion; social factors; social stress; social stressor; stressor; symposium; theories; white matter

PROJECT SUMMARY The goal of this fellowship is to prepare the applicant, Jordan Palms, for a career as an independent clinical researcher elucidating disparities in brain health and Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD). The proposed project consists of a research study examining the impact of racially patterned social stressors on white matter integrity within and across racial groups in two cohort studies, as well as a training plan consisting of hands-on research, mentorship, coursework, and professional development. Jordan will be supported by a strong mentorship team with primary sponsors within the University of Michigan’s Department of Psychology and consultants from Columbia University. The mentorship team will provide expertise in ADRD disparities, neuroimaging, neuropsychology, and advanced statistical analyses. The training plan will help Jordan develop expertise in 1) biopsychosocial mechanisms underlying racial disparities in ADRD, 2) processing of MRI images to characterize ADRD risk, 3) advanced statistical analyses, including moderation and causal mediation, and 4) disseminating findings and collaborating via manuscripts and conference presentations. Stark racial disparities exist within cognitive aging and ADRD. With limited treatments, identifying potential modifiable factors that increase risk or resilience for ADRD is necessary to develop interventions aimed at reducing disparities. Racially patterned social stressors (e.g., discrimination) have been theorized to be a driving force for these inequalities through multiple pathways. On interpersonal and societal levels, these stressors disproportionately affect non-Hispanic Black older adults in their risk for ADRD. Identifying the brain mechanisms in which these psychosocial stressors impact ADRD risk (i.e., white matter integrity) can provide direction towards intervention targets and treatments. However, little is known about how psychosocial stress leads to ADRD disparities. Thus, the present study aims to examine whether 1) discrimination is associated with white matter integrity among non-Hispanic Black adults, 2) external perceived control mediates Black-White disparities in white matter integrity, and 3) neighborhood social cohesion serves as a protective factor for racial inequalities in white matter integrity. These aims will be examined in the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), a racially and ethnically diverse cohort of older adults in northern Manhattan, and the Michigan Cognitive Aging Project (MCAP), a racially balanced cohort of non-Hispanic Black and White adults transitioning to late life in Southeast Michigan. The proposed study aims address both the NIA Strategic Directions for Research in Aging and the NIA Health Disparities Research Framework, which call for the consideration of biopsychosocial factors in examining racial disparities in ADRD. The findings could be useful in designing and implementing interventions to reduce racial disparities in brain aging and ADRD.

项目概要 该奖学金的目标是帮助申请人 Jordan Palms 为独立职业生涯做好准备 临床研究人员阐明了大脑健康与阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症 (ADRD) 之间的差异。 拟议的项目包括一项调查种族模式社会压力源影响的研究 在两项队列研究中关于种族群体内和种族群体之间白质完整性的研究，以及一项培训计划，包括 乔丹的实践研究、指导、课程作业和专业发展将得到一个支持。 密歇根大学心理学系内主要赞助商的强力导师团队 以及来自哥伦比亚大学的顾问团队将提供 ADRD 差异方面的专业知识， 神经影像学、神经心理学和高级统计分析将帮助乔丹。 发展以下方面的专业知识：1) ADRD 中种族差异背后的生物心理社会机制，2) 处理 用于表征 ADRD 风险的 MRI 图像，3) 高级统计分析，包括适度分析和因果分析 调解，4) 通过手稿和会议演示传播调查结果并进行合作。 认知老化和 ADRD 中存在明显的种族差异，但治疗方法有限，无法确定其潜力。 需要制定针对 ADRD 的干预措施，以增加 ADRD 风险或恢复力的可改变因素 减少种族差异的社会压力源（例如歧视）被认为是一种驱动因素。 这些压力源通过多种途径在人际和社会层面上造成这些不平等。 对非西班牙裔黑人老年人 ADRD 风险的影响尤为严重 确定大脑机制。 其中这些心理社会压力因素影响 ADRD 风险（即白质完整性）可以为 然而，人们对社会心理压力如何导致 ADRD 知之甚少。 因此，本研究旨在研究 1）歧视是否与白质有关。 非西班牙裔黑人成年人的诚信，2）外部感知控制调节了黑人与白人之间的差异 白质完整性，3）邻里社会凝聚力是种族不平等的保护因素 这些目标将在华盛顿高地-因伍德哥伦比亚老龄化中进行检查。 项目 (WHICAP)，曼哈顿北部和密歇根州的一个种族和民族多元化的老年人群体 认知老化项目 (MCAP)，一个由非西班牙裔黑人和白人成年人组成的种族平衡队列 在密歇根州东南部过渡到晚年生活。 拟议的研究旨在解决 NIA 老龄化研究战略方向和 NIA 健康差异研究框架，要求考虑生物心理社会因素 研究 ADRD 中的种族差异可能有助于设计和实施。 减少大脑老化和 ADRD 方面的种族差异的干预措施。