Powered Knee Prosthesis Incorporating Battery-Capacitor Hybrid

采用电池-电容器混合动力的动力膝关节假体

• 批准号: 8394423
• 负责人: BADAWI M DWEIK
• 金额: $ 17.63万
• 依托单位: GINER, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8394423
• 关键词: Amputation; Amputees; Cells; Charge; Computer Simulation; Development; Devices; Electronics; Energy Supply; Ensure; Evaluation; Frequencies; Gait; General Population; Hexachlorobenzene; Human; Hybrids; Investigation; Knee; Knee Prosthesis; Knee joint; Leg; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Limb structure; Lithium; Lower Extremity; Modeling; Motor; Movement; Performance; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Polymers; Positioning Attribute; Power Sources; Prosthesis; Prosthesis Design; Research Personnel; Science; Simulate; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Solid; Sulfuric Acids; System; Technology; Testing; Time; United States; Vendor; Walking; Weight; Width; Work; base; computer program; cost; density; design; energy density; experience; improved; joint injury; life time cost; mechanical behavior; meetings; next generation; programs; prototype; response; technology development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Approximately 623,000 people currently live in the United States with a lower limb amputation, with 30,000 new transfemoral amputations conducted each year. The latest commercial product is a prosthetic knee powered by an electric motor designed to function as an integrated extension of its user. Such a knee allows users to more naturally perform tasks such as climbing stairs or rising from a seated position and thereby reduce joint damage caused by compensatory movements. Current devices require replacing the rechargeable battery once a year. The battery pack costs several hundred dollars and represents a considerable cost for owners of powered-knee prosthetics. The proposed project will reduce the need for battery replacement, thereby making powered-knee prosthetics more affordable to the general public. The prosthetic knee requires fluctuating power requirements to fully emulate the mechanical behavior of the human knee joint. Currently, the power requirements are met primarily using a battery. Batteries are designed for continuous energy supply and are best operated at constant operating conditions; they perform poorly in the presence of power fluctuations and cannot efficiently handle spike high power demands. Giner, Inc. proposes to optimize power supplies for prostheses by designing and demonstrating an integrated battery/capacitor hybrid power source. Capacitors, while having very low energy densities, have very high power densities. In a battery/capacitor hybrid (BCH), the capacitor handles most of the power spikes, allowing the battery to function under more constant conditions. Giner Inc.'s approach will be to incorporate its advanced all-solid capacitor with rechargeable lithium-polymer batteries to provide high energy and power densities. The combination of rechargeable batteries and capacitors is anticipated to offer specific high power under certain frequency during gait cycles. The battery continues to meet ongoing low-power requirements while the capacitor will provide peak power needs for 100-250ms during each gait cycle. This design will allow the battery pack to work under much lower and steadier current level, thereby increasing its lifetime. High- concentration sulfuric acid is not required as in the case of typical electrolytic capacitors, thereby eliminating the need for hermetic packaging. Phase I will include: (1) battery testing; (2) computer modeling of potential BCH power supplies; (3) design, fabrication, and testing of capacitor units; (4) electronic investigation of BCH power supplies; and (5) comparisons with commercial battery packs. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The rechargeable batteries in electric motor-powered prosthetic limbs need replacement on a yearly basis. The proposed project will reduce the need for expensive battery replacement by using a battery/capacitor hybrid (BCH) which will allow the battery pack to work under much lower and steadier current level, thereby increasing its lifetime, and making powered-knee prosthetics more affordable to the general public.

描述（由申请人提供）：目前约有623,000人居住在美国下肢截肢，每年进行30,000个新的经股截肢。最新的商业产品是由电动机提供动力的假肢膝盖，旨在用户的综合扩展功能。这样的膝盖使用户可以更自然地执行任务，例如攀登楼梯或从座位上升起，从而减少由补偿性运动造成的关节损害。当前的设备需要每年更换一次可充电电池。电池组的成本为几百美元，对于膝盖假肢的所有者来说，代表了相当大的成本。拟议的项目将减少更换电池的需求，从而使膝盖假肢对公众更负担得起。假肢需要波动的功率要求，以充分模仿人膝关节的机械行为。当前，电源要求主要使用电池满足。电池设计用于连续的能源供应，最好在持续的操作条件下运行；在功率波动的存在下，它们的性能很差，无法有效处理高功率的高功率需求。 Giner，Inc。建议通过设计和演示集成的电池/电容器混合动力来源来优化假体的电源。电容器虽然能量密度非常低，但功率密度很高。在电池/电容器混合动力车（BCH）中，电容器可以处理大多数电源尖峰，从而使电池在更恒定的条件下运行。 Giner Inc.的方法是将其先进的全纤维电容器与可充电锂聚合物电池合并，以提供高能和功率密度。预计可充电电池和电容器的组合将在步态循环期间提供特定的高功率。电池继续满足正在进行的低功率要求，而电容器将在每个步态周期内提供100-250ms的峰值需求。该设计将使电池组在较低和稳定的电流水平下工作，从而增加其寿命。不需要高浓度硫酸 典型的电解电容器的情况，从而消除了对密封包装的需求。第一阶段将包括：（1）电池测试； （2）潜在BCH电源的计算机建模； （3）电容器单元的设计，制造和测试； （4）对BCH电源的电子调查； （5）与商用电池组进行比较。 公共卫生相关性：电动机驱动的假肢中可充电电池每年需要更换。拟议的项目将通过使用电池/电容器混合动力车（BCH）来减少昂贵的电池更换的需求，这将使电池组在较低和稳定的电流水平下工作，从而增加了其寿命，并使膝盖假肢使普通公众更负担得起。