Human Health Effects Of Exposure To Organochlorine Compounds

接触有机氯化合物对人类健康的影响

• 批准号: 8553709
• 负责人: Matthew Longnecker
• 金额: $ 35.05万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8553709
• 关键词: 7 year old; 8 year old; Address; Adverse effects; Age; Androgens; Animal Experiments; Area; Binding; Child; Chlorinated Hydrocarbons; Cohort Studies; Congenital Abnormality; Country; Cryptorchidism; Data; Development; Etiology; Exposure to; Food Chain; Freezing; General Population; Health; Hearing; Height; Human; Hypospadias; Investigation; Malaria; Manuscripts; Names; Outcome; Paper; Performance; Perinatal; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Postdoctoral Fellow; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Premature Birth; Publications; Publishing; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Serum; Small for Gestational Age Infant; Work; base; fetal; fetal polychlorinated biphenyl exposure; male; neurodevelopment; offspring; oxychlordane; pollutant; receptor

Organochlorines such as DDT, its metabolite DDE, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that may be toxic at levels encountered by the general population, through exposure in the food chain. PCBs interfere with neurodevelopment in animal experiments but human results are mixed. Each organochlorine has one or more types of biologic activity, and corresponding potential mechanisms of action. For example, a main concern about health effects of DDE has been because it interferes with androgen binding to its receptor. Most of my work in this area is based on analysis of serum from pregnant women who were in a cohort study named the Collaborative Perinatal Project (CPP). Here I describe some of my results from the CPP study. Results from other studies I have done on the health effects of persistent organic pollutants are indicated in the list of publications. Sera from over 50,000 pregnant women in the CPP have been frozen at -20 degrees Centigrade since 1959-1965, and with the health data on their offspring constitute a resource that is still actively used by many investigators. We selected a subset of about 2,800 children born in 1959-1966 and determined organochlorine concentrations in the corresponding stored maternal pregnancy sera, in 1997-1999. In earlier CPP papers we examined DDE levels in relation to fetal loss in previous pregnancies, and, in the CPP pregnancy, preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age, birthweight, and subsequent height; in all cases we found associations suggestive of adverse effects. To look for evidence of androgen-blocking, we examined maternal DDE level during pregnancy in relation to adjusted odds of cryptorchidism and hypospadias among their male offspring; for these outcomes the results were equivocal. Furthermore, we evaluated prenatal PCB exposure in relation to developmental assessment performance at 8 months of age, 7 years of age, and hearing as reflected by audiometric examination at age 8 years. None of these studies showed any associations. Last year's progress A manuscript on DDT and neurodevelopment was published. A manuscript on trans-nonachlor and oxychlordane and male birth defects was published. New work on a project to investigate the role or organochlorines in the etiology of preeclampsia has begun. The publications listed also reflects work in this research area that my post-doctoral fellow completed independently.

有机氯，例如DDT，其代谢产物DDE和多氯联苯（PCB）是持续的有机污染物，在一般人群遇到的水平上可能通过食物链中的暴露在遇到的水平上有毒。 PCB在动物实验中干扰神经发育，但人类的结果混合在一起。每种有机氯具有一种或多种类型的生物活性，以及​​相应的作用机理。例如，对DDE健康影响的主要关注是因为它干扰了雄激素与其受体的结合。 我在这一领域的大部分工作都是基于对孕妇的血清分析，这些孕妇正在一项名为“协作围产期项目（CPP）”的研究中。在这里，我描述了CPP研究的一些结果。我对持续有机污染物的健康影响的其他研究的结果在出版物列表中指出。 自1959 - 1965年以来，CPP中有50,000多名孕妇的血清在-20摄氏度中被冷冻，其后代的健康数据构成了许多研究人员仍在积极使用的资源。 我们在1997年至1999年选择了1959 - 1966年出生的约2800名儿童的子集，并确定了相应储存的孕妇妊娠血清中的有机氯浓度。 在较早的CPP论文中，我们检查了与以前怀孕的胎儿丧失有关的DDE水平，并且在CPP怀孕，早产，妊娠年龄小，出生体重和随后的身高；在所有情况下，我们都会发现社会表现出不利影响。 为了寻找雄激素阻滞的证据，我们在怀孕期间检查了孕产妇DDE水平，与雄性后代中的隐齿术和催生的几率有关；对于这些结果，结果是模棱两可的。 此外，我们评估了与8个月大的发育评估绩效相关的产前PCB暴露，并通过8岁的听觉检查反映了听力。 这些研究均未显示任何关联。 去年的进度 发表了有关DDT和神经发育的手稿。 关于跨跨诺克勒和氧气和男性先天缺陷的手稿。 一项项目的新工作，以研究先兆子痫的病因中的作用或有机氯的作用。 列出的出版物还反映了我的博士后研究员独立完成的研究领域的工作。