Human Health Effects Of Exposure To Organochlorine Compounds

接触有机氯化合物对人类健康的影响

• 批准号: 8734081
• 负责人: Matthew Longnecker
• 金额: $ 1.32万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8734081
• 关键词: 7 year old; 8 year old; Address; Adverse effects; Age; Androgens; Area; Child; Chlorinated Hydrocarbons; Cohort Studies; Country; Cryptorchidism; Data; Development; Etiology; Exposure to; Food Chain; Freezing; General Population; Health; Hearing; Height; Human; Hypospadias; Investigation; Malaria; Manuscripts; Names; Outcome; Paper; Performance; Perinatal; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Premature Birth; Preparation; Publications; Publishing; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Serum; Small for Gestational Age Infant; Work; base; fetal; fetal polychlorinated biphenyl exposure; male; obesogen; offspring; pollutant

Organochlorines such as DDT, its metabolite DDE, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that may be toxic at levels encountered by the general population, through exposure in the food chain. Each organochlorine has one or more types of biologic activity, and corresponding potential mechanisms of action. Most of my work in this area is based on analysis of serum from pregnant women who were in a cohort study named the Collaborative Perinatal Project (CPP). Here I describe some of my results from the CPP study. Results from other studies I have done on the health effects of persistent organic pollutants are indicated in the list of publications. Sera from over 50,000 pregnant women in the CPP have been frozen at -20 degrees Centigrade since 1959-1965, and with the health data on their offspring constitute a resource that is still actively used by many investigators. We selected a subset of about 2,800 children born in 1959-1966 and determined organochlorine concentrations in the corresponding stored maternal pregnancy sera, in 1997-1999. In earlier CPP papers we examined DDE levels in relation to fetal loss in previous pregnancies, and, in the CPP pregnancy, preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age, birthweight, and subsequent height; in all cases we found associations suggestive of adverse effects. To look for evidence of androgen-blocking, we examined maternal DDE level during pregnancy in relation to adjusted odds of cryptorchidism and hypospadias among their male offspring; for these outcomes the results were equivocal. Furthermore, we evaluated prenatal PCB exposure in relation to developmental assessment performance at 8 months of age, 7 years of age, and hearing as reflected by audiometric examination at age 8 years. We also examined exposure to DDT and DDE in relation to IQ at age 7 years. None of these studies showed any associations. Last year's progress A project to investigate the role or organochlorines in the etiology of preeclampsia was nearly completed and the manuscript is in preparation. An investigation of organochlorines as obesogens was published.

有机氯，如 DDT、其代谢物 DDE 和多氯联苯 (PCB) 是持久性有机污染物，通过食物链中的接触，达到一般人群遇到的水平时可能有毒。 每种有机氯都具有一种或多种生物活性，以及​​相应的潜在作用机制。 我在这一领域的大部分工作都是基于对参与一项名为“围产期协作项目”(CPP) 的队列研究的孕妇血清的分析。在这里，我描述了 CPP 研究的一些结果。我所做的关于持久性有机污染物对健康影响的其他研究的结果列于出版物清单中。 自 1959 年至 1965 年以来，来自 CPP 的 50,000 多名孕妇的血清一直被冷冻在 -20 摄氏度下，其后代的健康数据构成了许多研究人员仍在积极使用的资源。 我们选择了 1959 年至 1966 年出生的约 2,800 名儿童，并测定了 1997 年至 1999 年相应储存的母体妊娠血清中的有机氯浓度。 在早期的 CPP 论文中，我们研究了 DDE 水平与之前妊娠中胎儿丢失的关系，以及 CPP 妊娠中的早产、小于胎龄、出生体重和随后的身高；在所有情况下，我们都发现存在暗示不良影响的关联。 为了寻找雄激素阻断的证据，我们检查了怀孕期间母亲 DDE 水平与其男性后代中隐睾和尿道下裂的调整后几率的关系。对于这些结果，结果是模棱两可的。 此外，我们还评估了产前 PCB 暴露与 8 个月大、7 岁时的发育评估表现以及 8 岁时听力检查所反映的听力的关系。 我们还研究了接触 DDT 和 DDE 与 7 岁时智商的关系。 这些研究均未显示出任何关联。 去年的进展 一项调查有机氯在先兆子痫病因中的作用的项目已接近完成，手稿正在准备中。 发表了一项关于有机氯作为致肥胖剂的研究。