Changes in Alcohol Availability and HIV Rates

酒精供应量和艾滋病毒感染率的变化

• 批准号: 7127691
• 负责人: RICHARD ALLEN SCRIBNER
• 金额: $ 27.73万
• 依托单位: LSU HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-30 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7127691
• 关键词: AIDS education /prevention; HIV infections; United States; alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholic beverages; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; consumer product; disease /disorder proneness /risk; gonorrhea; health behavior; health care policy; health related legal; health services research tag; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human population study; longitudinal human study; sex behavior; sexually transmitted diseases; social problems; substance abuse epidemiology

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Changes in Alcohol Availability and HIV/AIDS Risk Structural interventions considered relevant to reduce HIV/AIDS risk have been characterized in terms of a matrix (Blankenship, Bray et al. 2000). In 1997 the City of New Orleans adopted a series of policies (i.e., increased license fee, additional enforcement staff, expanded powers for the alcohol license board) that represent an organizational intervention to affect the accessibility of alcohol. As a structural intervention the policy changes in New Orleans can be studied in terms of their impact on HIV/AIDS risk. To accomplish this goal a longitudinal study of the effect of changes in alcohol accessibility on HIV/AIDS and gonorrhea risk is proposed. The specific aims are: Specific Aim 1. To develop a census tract level database for New Orleans and Baton Rouge tracts that incorporates spatially referenced data on HIV/AIDS risk (i.e., HARS data), gonorrhea risk (i.e. reported gonorrhea cases), alcohol availability (i.e., alcohol outlet density data), and sociodemographic risk (i.e. census data) for all tracts over a twelve year period (i.e., 1995 through 2006). Specific Aim 2. To conduct a pair of longitudinal analysis at the census tract level utilizing a repeated measures design of STD rates nested with census tracts (i.e., multilevel growth models) to assess the effect of the 1997 New Orleans alcohol policy changes on rates of HIV/AIDS and gonorrhea over a 12 year period. Controls for additional structural level predictors of risk as well as the effects of spatial and temporal autocorrelation will be addressed. Study Hypothesis 1: Among census tracts in New Orleans the trend in HIV/AIDS and gonorrhea rates over the study period will be more negative compared with census tracts in Baton Rouge. Study Hypothesis 2: Changes in alcohol outlet density at the census tract level will explain a significant amount of the trend in HIV/AIDS and gonorrhea rates over the study period.

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精供应和艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险的变化 被认为与降低艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险相关的结构干预措施已经以矩阵来表征（Blankenship，Bray等，2000）。 1997年，新奥尔良市通过了一系列政策（即增加许可费，额外的执法人员，扩大酒精许可委员会的权力），这些政策代表了组织干预措施，以影响酒精的可及性。作为结构性干预，可以根据对艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险的影响来研究新奥尔良的政策变化。为了实现这一目标，提出了纵向研究酒精可及性对艾滋病毒/艾滋病和淋病风险的影响的影响。具体目的是： 具体目的1。为新奥尔良和巴吞鲁日的人口普查水平数据库开发包含有关艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险的空间数据（即避免数据），淋病风险（即报道的淋病案例）（即淋病案例），酒精可用性（即，对酒精饮酒的全部风险）（I. I. cote coptery Data）（即I. I. I. I. eciosopripe）（I.年度（即1995年至2006年）。 具体目标2。利用重复测量的纵向分析，利用重复的措施设计了与人口普查区（即多层次生长模型）嵌套的性病率设计，以评估1997年新奥尔良酒精政策政策对HIV/AIDS和淋病率的影响。将解决对风险的其他结构水平预测指标以及空间和时间自相关的影响的控制。 研究假设1：在新奥尔良的人口普查区中，与巴吞鲁日的人口普查相比，研究期内艾滋病毒/艾滋病和淋病率的趋势将更为阴性。研究假设2：在人口普查水平上，酒精出口密度的变化将解释研究期间的大量艾滋病毒/艾滋病和淋病率的趋势。