Changes in Alcohol Availability and HIV Rates

酒精供应量和艾滋病毒感染率的变化

• 批准号: 7283270
• 负责人: RICHARD ALLEN SCRIBNER
• 金额: $ 26.93万
• 依托单位: LSU HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-30 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7283270
• 关键词: AIDS/HIV problem; Address; Adopted; Affect; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Behavior; Censuses; Cities; Contracts; Data; Databases; Employee; Environment; Faculty; Fees; Goals; Gonorrhea; Growth; HIV; Health; Individual; Intervention; Licensing; Longitudinal Studies; Louisiana; Measures; Modeling; Numbers; Outcome; Policies; Public Health; Public Health Schools; Rate; Reporting; Research Personnel; Risk; Series; Social Problems; Source; Universities; Violence; alcohol availability; density of AOD outlets; design; high risk sexual behavior; programs; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Changes in Alcohol Availability and HIV/AIDS Risk Structural interventions considered relevant to reduce HIV/AIDS risk have been characterized in terms of a matrix (Blankenship, Bray et al. 2000). In 1997 the City of New Orleans adopted a series of policies (i.e., increased license fee, additional enforcement staff, expanded powers for the alcohol license board) that represent an organizational intervention to affect the accessibility of alcohol. As a structural intervention the policy changes in New Orleans can be studied in terms of their impact on HIV/AIDS risk. To accomplish this goal a longitudinal study of the effect of changes in alcohol accessibility on HIV/AIDS and gonorrhea risk is proposed. The specific aims are: Specific Aim 1. To develop a census tract level database for New Orleans and Baton Rouge tracts that incorporates spatially referenced data on HIV/AIDS risk (i.e., HARS data), gonorrhea risk (i.e. reported gonorrhea cases), alcohol availability (i.e., alcohol outlet density data), and sociodemographic risk (i.e. census data) for all tracts over a twelve year period (i.e., 1995 through 2006). Specific Aim 2. To conduct a pair of longitudinal analysis at the census tract level utilizing a repeated measures design of STD rates nested with census tracts (i.e., multilevel growth models) to assess the effect of the 1997 New Orleans alcohol policy changes on rates of HIV/AIDS and gonorrhea over a 12 year period. Controls for additional structural level predictors of risk as well as the effects of spatial and temporal autocorrelation will be addressed. Study Hypothesis 1: Among census tracts in New Orleans the trend in HIV/AIDS and gonorrhea rates over the study period will be more negative compared with census tracts in Baton Rouge. Study Hypothesis 2: Changes in alcohol outlet density at the census tract level will explain a significant amount of the trend in HIV/AIDS and gonorrhea rates over the study period.

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精供应量和艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险的变化 被认为与降低艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险相关的结构性干预措施已通过矩阵进行了表征（Blankenship、Bray 等人，2000 年）。 1997 年，新奥尔良市采取了一系列政策（即增加执照费、增加执法人员、扩大酒类执照委员会的权力），这些政策代表了影响酒类可及性的组织干预。作为一项结构性干预措施，新奥尔良的政策变化可以根据其对艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险的影响进行研究。为了实现这一目标，建议对酒精可及性变化对艾滋病毒/艾滋病和淋病风险的影响进行纵向研究。具体目标是： 具体目标 1. 为新奥尔良和巴吞鲁日地区开发一个人口普查区级数据库，其中包含有关艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险（即 HARS 数据）、淋病风险（即报告的淋病病例）、酒精供应情况（即酒精）的空间参考数据网点密度数据），以及十二年期间所有地区的社会人口风险（即人口普查数据）（即， 1995 年至 2006 年）。 具体目标 2. 利用与人口普查区嵌套的 STD 发病率重复测量设计（即多层次增长模型），在人口普查区层面进行一对纵向分析，以评估 1997 年新奥尔良酒精政策变化对性传播疾病发病率的影响。 12 年期间的艾滋病毒/艾滋病和淋病。将解决对风险的附加结构水平预测因子以及空间和时间自相关的影响的控制。 研究假设 1：在新奥尔良的人口普查区中，研究期间的艾滋病毒/艾滋病和淋病发病率趋势将比巴吞鲁日的人口普查区更为负面。研究假设 2：人口普查区酒精出口密度的变化将在很大程度上解释研究期间艾滋病毒/艾滋病和淋病发病率的趋势。