Rakai Orphans in Communities

拉凯社区孤儿

基本信息

批准号：
10760957
负责人：
JOHN S. SANTELLI
金额：
$ 80.34万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-09-21 至 2028-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10760957
关键词：
AIDS prevention Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Address Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent HIV risk Adolescent and Young Adult Adult Africa Africa South of the Sahara Age Area Attention Behavioral Child Child Health Cohort Studies Communities Cost-Benefit Analysis Data Distal Economic Factors Economics Education Educational Status Epidemic Event Extended Family Family Family health status Funding Future HIV HIV Infections HIV risk Health Health Policy Household Incidence Individual Information Systems Interview Investments Male Circumcision Marriage Measurement Measures Mediating Medical Mental Health Methods Occupations Orphan Parents Perinatal Policies Population Poverty Prevention Prevention program Reporting Resource-limited setting Resources Risk Risk Behaviors Risk Factors Role Route Secondary Schools Social Environment Social Impacts Social Policies Social outcome Socioeconomic Status South Africa Time Uganda United States National Institutes of Health Vulnerable Populations Work Youth adverse outcome antiretroviral therapy burden of illness cost economic impact improved infection risk innovation life history male mortality prevent programs sex social social factors social health determinants transmission process treatment program

项目摘要

ROC Summary/Abstract Loss of one or both parents can have devastating consequences for children, adolescents, extended families, communities, and nations. Recently, improvements in HIV treatment and prevention have led to dramatic declines in orphanhood. This appears to be the result of combination HIV prevention (CHP), particularly expanded access to highly effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) and declining HIV-related mortality among adults – adults who are often parents. The declines in HIV-related orphanhood proffer substantial benefits to children and youth, families, and their communities. Little is known about how declines in orphanhood among youth may have impacted social and economic factors that influence HIV risk as orphans move into the adolescent and young adult (AYA) years. The Rakai Orphans in Communities (ROC) Study will explore impact, measurement, and policy issues at the intersection of orphanhood, HIV risk among AYA, adolescent social transitions, and family and social context. Impacts include HIV risk and social and economic consequences. Measurement of age at orphaning will be a critical component of this proposal. In several studies, earlier age at orphaning appears to be related to more adverse outcomes. Thus, key issues are estimating the impact of orphanhood on social and behavior risk for HIV and how that impact may change based on the age at orphaning. An under-explored component which we will examine is the economic benefits of CHP weighed against the costs. Using the rich resources of the Rakai Community Cohort Study (RCCS), we will explore the relationship between HIV treatment and prevention, orphanhood, and new HIV infection among AYA. Documenting the impact of CHP on HIV-related orphanhood and the decline HIV risk will guide future investments in HIV treatment and prevention programs and health and social policies for children and youth.

ROC摘要/摘要失去一个或两个父母可能会对儿童，青少年造成毁灭性后果，大家庭，社区和国家。最近，艾滋病毒治疗的改善和预防导致了孤儿的急剧下降。这似乎是联合艾滋病毒预防（CHP），特别是扩展的高效访问抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）和成年人与HIV相关的死亡率下降 - 成年人经常父母。与艾滋病毒相关的孤儿的下降对儿童的巨大益处和青年，家庭及其社区。关于孤儿的下降知之甚少在青年中，可能影响了影响艾滋病毒风险的社会和经济因素孤儿进入青少年和年轻人（aya）年。社区中的Rakai孤儿（ROC）研究将探索影响，测量和在孤立性的交叉点，艾滋病毒风险的政策问题AYA，青少年社会过渡，家庭和社会背景。影响包括艾滋病毒风险以及社会和经济结果。对孤儿的年龄的测量将是该提案的关键组成部分。在几项研究中，孤儿的较早年龄似乎与更不利的结果有关。这是关键问题正在估计孤儿对艾滋病毒的社会和行为风险的影响以及这种影响可能会根据孤儿的年龄而改变。一个不足的组件我们将研究的是，CHP的经济利益与成本相比。使用 Rakai社区队列研究（RCCS）的丰富资源，我们将探索这种关系在AYA之间的HIV治疗与预防，孤儿和新的HIV感染之间。记录CHP对HIV相关的孤儿的影响以及HIV风险下降将指导未来对艾滋病毒治疗和预防计划以及健康和社会政策的投资儿童和青年。