Structural and Social Transitions Among Adolescents in Rakai (SSTAR)

拉凯青少年的结构和社会转型 (SSTAR)

基本信息

批准号：
9928184
负责人：
JOHN S. SANTELLI
金额：
$ 16.02万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-15 至 2022-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9928184
关键词：
AIDS prevention Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent and Young Adult Adult Affect Africa South of the Sahara Age Architecture Behavior Behavior Therapy Biological Factors Characteristics Cohort Studies Coitus Communities Consequences of HIV Data Distal Education Epidemic Ethnography Face Future Gender Government HIV HIV Infections HIV risk Home environment Household Improve Access Incidence Individual Infection prevention Intervention Male Circumcision Marriage Mediating Mediation Mediator of activation protein Medical Methodology Methods Modeling Occupations Out-Migrations Outcome Pathway interactions Policies Prevention program Public Policy Qualitative Methods Qualitative Research Research Research Design Research Methodology Risk Risk Behaviors Risk Factors Role Rural Community School Enrollments Schools Sex Behavior Social Change Social Processes Socioeconomic Status Structure Student Dropouts Techniques Time Time trend Uganda Work Youth case control child bearing data modeling experience infection risk innovation migration multilevel analysis next generation prevent programs reproductive sexual debut social tool trend young woman

项目摘要

Project Abstract Adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa make the transition to adulthood facing considerable risk of HIV infection; this risk is particularly high for young women. Understanding social processes that produce HIV risk and protect young people is critical to developing the next generation of youth HIV prevention programs. Looking beyond individual characteristics and behaviors, social structural factors (socioeconomic status, educational opportunities, gender, AIDS orphanhood, public policies) and timing of adolescent and young adult social role transitions (leaving school, initiation of sexual behaviors, migration and leaving home, marriage formation and dissolution) are critical drivers of youth HIV acquisition and other reproductive outcomes. Yet, these findings raise new questions: how do the interrelationships among social transitions and the timing, ordering and tempo of these transitions influence HIV risk behaviors, and, ultimately, HIV infection? How do social structural factors influence HIV infection? How do social transitions mediate HIV risk? To answer these questions, new research is needed which applies innovative quantitative and qualitative methods to high quality longitudinal data. Over the past six years, the Rakai Youth Project has used new qualitative data and existing quantitative and longitudinal data from the Rakai Community Cohort Study (RCCS) to successfully define a continuum of social and proximate determinants for HIV acquisition among youth ages 15–24 from 1994– 2013. Building on this work, Structural and Social Transitions among Adolescents and young adults in Rakai (SSTAR) will investigate the influence of social structural determinants on transitions from adolescence to adulthood using innovative statistical and qualitative research methodologies. SSTAR will define risk factors for and trends over time in key social transitions (sexual initiation, school leaving, marital formation and dissolution, migration, initiation of childbearing); interrelationships among transitions (ordering, timing, tempo); and consequences (HIV risk behaviors, acquisition) among adolescents and young adults using mixed methods. The proposed project will examine the influence on HIV acquisition of social structural determinants (access to schooling, SES, orphanhood, household structure, gender, government policy, HIV programs) directly and as mediated by social transitions, using the RCCS. Finally, SSTAR will explore the influence of social determinants and social transitions on HIV acquisition in: 1-high HIV incidence hotspot communities, 2- intermediate HIV incidence trading and transport hub communities, and 3- low HIV incidence settled, rural communities.

项目摘要撒哈拉以南非洲的青少年在向成年过渡时面临着相当大的风险艾滋病毒感染；这种风险对于年轻女性来说尤其高。产生艾滋病毒风险并保护年轻人对于培养下一代青年至关重要艾滋病毒预防计划超越个人特征和行为，关注社会。结构性因素（社会经济地位、教育机会、性别、艾滋病孤儿、公共政策）以及青少年和年轻人社会角色转变（离开学校、性行为的开始、移徙和离家、婚姻的形成和解除）然而，这些发现是青少年感染艾滋病毒和其他生殖结果的关键驱动因素。提出新的问题：社会转型和时间安排之间的相互关系如何，这些转变的顺序和节奏会影响艾滋病毒风险行为，并最终影响艾滋病毒社会结构因素如何影响艾滋病毒感染？要回答这些问题，需要应用创新的新研究在过去的六年里，通过定量和定性方法来获取高质量的纵向数据， Rakai青年项目使用了新的定性数据以及现有的定量和纵向数据 Rakai 社区队列研究 (RCCS) 的数据成功定义了一个连续体 1994 年 15-24 岁青少年感染艾滋病毒的社会和直接决定因素 2013. 在这项工作的基础上，青少年和年轻人的结构和社会转型 Rakai 的成年人（SSTAR）将调查社会结构决定因素对利用创新的统计和定性研究从青春期过渡到成年 SSTAR 将定义关键社会转型的风险因素和趋势。（性开始、离校、婚姻的形成和解除、移徙、开始生育）；过渡之间的相互关系（顺序、时间、节奏）；使用混合方法在青少年和年轻人中（艾滋病毒危险行为、感染）。拟议项目将研究社会结构对艾滋病毒感染的影响决定因素（受教育机会、社会经济地位、孤儿身份、家庭结构、性别、政府政策、艾滋病毒项目）直接并通过社会转型来调节，使用 RCCS。 SSTAR将探讨社会决定因素和社会转型对艾滋病毒感染的影响在： 1- 高艾滋病毒发病率热点社区，2- 中等艾滋病毒发病率交易和交通枢纽社区和3-艾滋病毒发病率低的定居、农村社区。