Neurobehavioral Correlates of Early Deprivation

早期剥夺的神经行为相关性

• 批准号: 6881347
• 负责人: SETH D POLLAK
• 金额: $ 31.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-05 至 2009-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6881347
• 关键词: attention; behavioral /social science research tag; child behavior disorders; child psychology; clinical research; cognition disorders; early experience; electroencephalography; electrophysiology; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; isolation /deprivation; locus of control; longitudinal human study; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; psychological stressor; sensorimotor system; sensory deprivation; short term memory; social psychology; socioenvironment; statistics /biometry

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This collaborative R01 involves parallel studies at the Universities of Wisconsin and Minnesota. The work explores the neurobiological bases of problems in attention/executive functions, sensory integration, and emotion/stress regulation exhibited by children who have experienced neglect/privation early in life. This project is motivated by renewed interest the effects of early deprivation/neglect on development, precipitated by the last decade's increase in international adoptions. In addition, it reflects concerns with brain development and neural plasticity coupled with continued controversies over the importance of early experiences and questions about sensitive periods. The marked change in living environments experienced with adoption allows a reasonable way to estimate both the duration and ages during which deprivation was experienced. To date, studies of these children have employed global measures that are difficult to map to specific neural systems. The General Aim of this project is to build upon extant studies and examine specific cognitive and affective systems. The specific aims identify (a) aspects of neural circuitry that are linked to the development of cognitive processes and self-regulatory behaviors and (b) later-developing neural systems that are likely to be affected by early deprivation/neglect. Specific Aim 1 examines frontally mediated systems believed to underlie aspects of attention, inhibitory control, and working memory. Specific Aim 2 examines sensory-motor processing including sensory integration, acquisition, and praxis. Specific Aim 3 explores systems thoughts to be compromised based upon the animal literature on early neglect: cortico-limbic-hypothalamic-brainstem systems that are involved in stress reactivity and regulation. Together, these studies will provide a relatively comprehensive and more specific picture of the potential neural compromises resulting from early deprivation in human children as well as highlighting those aspects of brain-behavior development that appear to be spared.

描述（由申请人提供）：该合作 R01 涉及威斯康星大学和明尼苏达大学的平行研究。这项工作探讨了早年经历过忽视/匮乏的儿童在注意力/执行功能、感觉统合和情绪/压力调节方面表现出的问题的神经生物学基础。该项目的动机是人们对早期剥夺/忽视对发展的影响重新产生兴趣，而过去十年国际收养人数的增加促使人们重新关注这一问题。此外，它反映了对大脑发育和神经可塑性的担忧，以及对早期经历的重要性和敏感期问题的持续争议。收养所经历的生活环境的显着变化使得我们能够以合理的方式来估计经历剥夺的持续时间和年龄。迄今为止，对这些儿童的研究采用了难以映射到特定神经系统的全局测量方法。该项目的总体目标是建立在现有研究的基础上并检查特定的认知和情感系统。具体目标确定（a）与认知过程和自我调节行为的发展相关的神经回路的各个方面，以及（b）可能受到早期剥夺/忽视影响的后期发展的神经系统。 具体目标 1 检查被认为是注意力、抑制控制和工作记忆等方面基础的额介系统。 具体目标 2 检查感觉运动处理，包括感觉统合、习得和实践。 具体目标 3 根据有关早期忽视的动物文献探讨了可能受到损害的系统思想：参与应激反应和调节的皮质-边缘-下丘脑-脑干系统。总之，这些研究将为人类儿童因早期剥夺而导致的潜在神经损害提供相对全面和更具体的了解，并强调大脑行为发育中似乎未受到影响的那些方面。