Neurobehavioral Correlates of Early Deprivation

早期剥夺的神经行为相关性

• 批准号: 6772365
• 负责人: SETH D POLLAK
• 金额: $ 30.52万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-05 至 2009-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6772365
• 关键词: attention; behavioral /social science research tag; child behavior disorders; child psychology; clinical research; cognition disorders; early experience; electroencephalography; electrophysiology; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; isolation /deprivation; locus of control; longitudinal human study; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; psychological stressor; sensorimotor system; sensory deprivation; short term memory; social psychology; socioenvironment; statistics /biometry; attention; behavioral /social science research tag; child behavior disorders; child psychology; clinical research; cognition disorders; early experience; electroencephalography; electrophysiology; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; isolation /deprivation; locus of control; longitudinal human study; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; psychological stressor; sensorimotor system; sensory deprivation; short term memory; social psychology; socioenvironment; statistics /biometry

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This collaborative R01 involves parallel studies at the Universities of Wisconsin and Minnesota. The work explores the neurobiological bases of problems in attention/executive functions, sensory integration, and emotion/stress regulation exhibited by children who have experienced neglect/privation early in life. This project is motivated by renewed interest the effects of early deprivation/neglect on development, precipitated by the last decade's increase in international adoptions. In addition, it reflects concerns with brain development and neural plasticity coupled with continued controversies over the importance of early experiences and questions about sensitive periods. The marked change in living environments experienced with adoption allows a reasonable way to estimate both the duration and ages during which deprivation was experienced. To date, studies of these children have employed global measures that are difficult to map to specific neural systems. The General Aim of this project is to build upon extant studies and examine specific cognitive and affective systems. The specific aims identify (a) aspects of neural circuitry that are linked to the development of cognitive processes and self-regulatory behaviors and (b) later-developing neural systems that are likely to be affected by early deprivation/neglect. Specific Aim 1 examines frontally mediated systems believed to underlie aspects of attention, inhibitory control, and working memory. Specific Aim 2 examines sensory-motor processing including sensory integration, acquisition, and praxis. Specific Aim 3 explores systems thoughts to be compromised based upon the animal literature on early neglect: cortico-limbic-hypothalamic-brainstem systems that are involved in stress reactivity and regulation. Together, these studies will provide a relatively comprehensive and more specific picture of the potential neural compromises resulting from early deprivation in human children as well as highlighting those aspects of brain-behavior development that appear to be spared.

描述（由申请人提供）：此协作R01涉及威斯康星州和明尼苏达州大学的平行研究。这项工作探讨了注意力/执行功能，感官融合以及情绪/压力调节的神经生物学基础，这些儿童在生命早期经历了忽视/私密性。该项目是由新的兴趣激发的，早期剥夺/忽视对发展的影响，这是由于过去十年的国际收养增加而促成的。此外，它反映了对大脑发育和神经可塑性的关注，以及关于早期经历和敏感时期问题的重要性的持续争议。采用经历的生活环境的明显变化允许一种合理的方法来估计经历剥夺的持续时间和年龄。迄今为止，对这些儿童的研究采用了难以将其映射到特定神经系统的全球措施。该项目的总体目的是建立现有的研究并检查特定的认知和情感系统。具体目的确定了（a）与认知过程和自我调节行为的发展以及（b）可能受到早期剥夺/忽视可能影响的后期开发神经系统有关的神经回路方面。 具体目标1研究了据信构成注意力，抑制性控制和工作记忆的正面介导的系统。 特定目标2检查感觉运动处理，包括感觉整合，获取和实践。 具体目标3探讨了基于早期忽视的动物文献妥协的系统思想：涉及压力反应性和调节的皮质 - 膜膜 - 膜 - 膜丘脑脑系统系统。总之，这些研究将提供相对全面的，更具体的图片，描述了由于人类儿童早期剥夺而导致的潜在神经妥协，并突出了似乎幸免的脑行为发展的那些方面。