EFFERENT MODIFICATIONS OF COCHLEAR PROCESSING

耳蜗处理的明显改变

• 批准号: 6564017
• 负责人: David Francis Dolan
• 金额: $ 15.76万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-12-01 至 2002-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6564017
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; auditory stimulus; biological signal transduction; cochlea; ear hair cell; efferent nerve; electrophysiology; evoked potentials; guinea pigs; neural information processing; noise; organ of Corti; otoacoustic emission; stimulus /response

The goals of this project are to seek to further our understanding of organ of Corti function by studying its physiological responses to sound and electrical stimulation with selected manipulations. Inactivation or electrical activation of the efferent neural system will be used to alter "normal" cochlear function. Cochlear responses will be measured as gross potentials and ear canal otoacoustic emissions. The role of the efferent neural system in cochlear processing remains unknown. Aim I will examine alterations in cochlear responses as a consequences of eliminating the efferent neural system, or over-stimulating it. These manipulations will focus on the efferents role in the improvement of signal detection in noise. The outer hair cell is crucial to normal cochlear function. The effects on cochlear responses caused by activation of the efferents is mediated through the outer hair cell. Of interest is the cochlea's response to conditions in which the efferents are inactivated or stimulated for extended periods of time. Aim II will examine the effects of electrical activation of the efferent system on the electrically evoked otoacoustic emission (EEOAE) recorded in the ear canal. The characterization of the EEOAE is the primary focus of project 6 and also studied in project 2. The relatively new method of stimulating the cochlea by electrically stimulating the round window provides an exciting way to study organ of Corti function. The outer hair cells are thought to be the source of the EEOAE and reflects the reverse transduction process. The outer hair cells in the base of the cochlea are operating at a maximum gain point in terms of the mechanical properties of the outer hair cells and the reverse transduction process. The innervation of the basal outer hair cells by the medial efferent system provides a means of altering the gain point of the outer hair cells. Of particular interest is the possibility of differentiating and furthering our understanding of the "slow" efferent effect. In contrast to the "fast" efferent effect, the slow effect appears to be related to protective phenomenon that reduces hearing loss as a result of acoustic trauma. A better understanding of this phenomenon has clear potential benefit to humans exposed to loud sounds.

该项目的目标是加深我们对 通过研究柯蒂氏器对声音的生理反应来发挥其功能 以及通过选定的操作进行电刺激。失活或 传出神经系统的电激活将用于改变 “正常”的耳蜗功能。耳蜗反应将被测量为总反应 电位和耳道耳声发射。传出神经的作用 耳蜗处理中的神经系统仍然未知。 我要检查的目标 消除耳蜗反应的结果是改变 传出神经系统，或过度刺激它。这些操纵将 重点关注传出信号在改善信号检测中的作用 噪音。外毛细胞对于正常的耳蜗功能至关重要。这 传出神经激活对耳蜗反应的影响是 通过外毛细胞介导。感兴趣的是耳蜗 对传出神经失活的条件作出反应或 长时间受到刺激。目标 II 将检查效果 传出系统的电激活对电诱发的影响 耳道中记录的耳声发射（EEOAE）。这 EEOAE 的表征是项目 6 的主要重点，也是 项目2中研究的相对较新的刺激耳蜗的方法 通过电刺激圆窗提供了一种令人兴奋的方式 研究柯蒂函数的器官。外毛细胞被认为是 EEOAE 的来源并反映反向转导过程。这 耳蜗基部的外毛细胞处于最大工作状态 外毛细胞机械性能方面的优势 和反向转导过程。基底外层的神经支配 内侧传出系统的毛细胞提供了一种改变毛细胞的方法 外毛细胞的增益点。特别令人感兴趣的是 区分和加深我们对事物的理解的可能性 “慢”传出效应。与“快速”传出效应相反， 缓慢的效果似乎与减少的保护现象有关 声损伤导致的听力损失。更好地理解 这种现象对暴露在大声环境中的人类具有明显的潜在好处 声音。