Mechanisms of multisensory rehabilitation in a primate model of hemianopia

灵长类偏盲模型的多感觉康复机制

• 批准号: 10718770
• 负责人: Benjamin A Rowland
• 金额: $ 65.46万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-30 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10718770
• 关键词: Animals; Area; Attention; Auditory; Awareness; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Biological Models; Blinded; Blindness; Brain; Clinic; Conscious; Contralateral; Cues; Data; Decision Making; Dedications; Detection; Development; Discrimination; Disease; Effectiveness; Equilibrium; Event; Family Felidae; Felis catus; Fostering; Foundations; Future; Goals; Hemianopsia; Human; Intervention; Investigation; Judgment; Knowledge; Learning; Methods; Modality; Modeling; Monkeys; Nature; Neocortex; Neurobiology; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Outcome; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Primates; Process; Property; Psychophysics; Quality of life; Recovery; Recovery of Function; Regimen; Rehabilitation therapy; Reporting; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; Stroke; System; Techniques; Testing; Therapeutic; Training; Trauma; Traumatic injury; Treatment Protocols; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Psychophysics; Work; auditory stimulus; base; blind; design; effective therapy; effectiveness evaluation; insight; interest; lateral intraparietal area; multisensory; neocortical; neural; neural circuit; neural correlate; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; nonhuman primate; novel; novel strategies; operation; patient engagement; rehabilitation paradigm; response; restoration; sensory integration; spatiotemporal; success; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; translational approach; verbal; virtual; visual motor; visual plasticity; visual stimulus

Project Summary Damage to visual cortex by stroke or trauma often results in contralateral blindness, or hemianopia, a condition that markedly compromises quality of life. The goal of this project is to develop a primate model of multisensory rehabilitation from hemianopia. Although several therapeutic strategies have been tried over the years, they have met with limited success, mostly restricted to the recovery of visuomotor orienting without visual awareness. Recently, a novel, simple, noninvasive sensory training paradigm has been developed that produces far more promising and rapid results. This paradigm involves repeatedly presenting spatiotemporally congruent visual and auditory cues to the blinded hemifield, which engages plasticity within circuits that process both visual and auditory signals. Results from hemianopic cats have shown that, after several weeks of such multisensory exposure, animals recover the ability to detect and localize visual stimuli and perform rudimentary visual pattern discrimination in the contralesional field. Similar findings were recently obtained in two human patients, who were given a very similar multisensory rehabilitation paradigm, and were able to verbally report on their awareness of visual stimuli in the previously blind hemifield. However, the extent of visual capabilities that can be recovered is unknown. To overcome the limitations of using the cat model to explore these limits and its neurobiological bases, we propose to establish a primate model of multisensory rehabilitation with which we can detail the effectiveness, operation, and neural correlates of the paradigm. Our immediate objective is to examine the most pressing questions relating to the psychophysical and neurophysiological outcomes of the multisensory rehabilitation of hemianopia, including the quantification of visual stimulus detection and visual feature discrimination capacities. To do so we will assess the behavioral and perceptual capabilities of trained hemianopic monkeys on a battery of visual psychophysical tasks before and after multisensory rehabilitation and assess changes in the neurophysiological properties of subcortical and cortical areas (superior colliculus and area LIP) believed to underlie this recovery. These results will provide a foundation for understanding the mechanisms underlying this novel rehabilitative approach so that optimal translational strategies can be developed to ameliorate this condition in human patients.

项目摘要 通过中风或创伤对视觉皮层的损害通常会导致对侧失明，或者偏半而言 条件显着损害了生活质量。该项目的目的是开发一个灵长类动物模型 来自南部的多感官康复。尽管已经尝试了几种治疗策略 多年来，他们取得了有限的成功，主要仅限于恢复视觉运动的恢复 视觉意识。最近，已经开发了一种新颖的，简单的无创感觉训练范式 产生更有希望和快速的结果。该范式涉及反复出现时空 盲人半场的一致视觉和听觉提示，在电路中可塑性 处理视觉和听觉信号。止血猫的结果表明，经过几周后 这种多感官暴露，动物恢复了检测和定位视觉刺激并执行的能力 在相反领域的基本视觉模式歧视。最近在 两名人类患者，他们获得了非常相似的多感官康复范式，并且能够 口头报道他们对以前盲人半场中视觉刺激的认识。但是， 可以恢复的视觉功能尚不清楚。克服使用CAT模型的局限性 探索这些限制及其神经生物学基础，我们建议建立一个灵长类动物模型 我们可以详细介绍范式的有效性，操作和神经相关性的康复。我们的 直接目的是检查与心理物理有关的最紧迫的问题 偏腹性多感官康复的神经生理结果，包括定量 视觉刺激检测和视觉特征歧视能力。为此，我们将评估行为 在一系列视觉心理物理任务上，受过训练的偏尾猴的感知能力之前 在多感觉康复并评估皮层下神经生理特性的变化之后 和皮质区域（上丘和嘴唇）据信是这种恢复的基础。这些结果将会 为理解这种新颖的康复方法的机制提供了基础，以便 可以开发最佳的翻译策略来改善人类患者的这种情况。