COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH ON PARASITIC DISEASES IN SUDAN

苏丹寄生虫病合作研究

• 批准号: 3091495
• 负责人: JEFFREY F WILLIAMS
• 金额: $ 24.85万
• 依托单位: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1979
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1979-09-30 至 1990-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3091495
• 关键词: Africa; parasitic disease chemotherapy; parasitic diseases

The overall project objective is to carry forward a collaborative program of tropical parasitic disease research on several basic problems which underlie the major health priorities of the Republic of Sudan. The solutions we seek should permit inferences to be drawn which are of value to those involved in the characterization, prevention, treatment and control of parasitic diseases elsewhere in the tropics. Four widespread and important human parasitoses will be addressed: malaria, schistosomiasis, onchocerciasis and leishmaniasis. Malaria is by far the most important disease in Sudan; in the absence of chemotherapeutic or vector control interventions the outcome of infection is largely the result of host-immune response - parasite interactions. The nature of these, specifically with regard to T cell responsiveness to defined antigens and the pattern of cell-mediated effector mechanisms in well characterized subsets of endemic area populations form the focus for proposal #1. Contemporary approaches to schistosomiasis in the field depend on widespread use of anthelmintic drugs. The accurate assessment of their impact in terms of pathology and its resolution has only recently become possible using non-invasive ultrasound technology. In proposal #2 we extend our findings on cross-sectional analysis of Symmer;s fibrosis in affected communities to include biochemical and immunological correlates of the onset and disposition of pathologic changes in this most important component of schistosomal disease. The potential impact of ivermectin, a newly developed microfilaricidal agent, on onchocerciasis in Sudan is enormous. However, major questions remain about its pharmacology and mode of action and the role of host-immune responses in its efficacy in vivo and the adverse consequences of treatment. These will be explored in proposal #3 on onchocerciasis. Leishmaniasis, common in rural areas of eastern Sudan, involves immune mechanisms in its pathogenesis which are not well characterized. Longitudinal monitoring of cell-mediated and immunoglobulin types of responses in persons at different disease stages and during and after treatment will be used to establish mechanisms in its pathogenesis which are not well characterized. Longitudinal monitoring of cell-mediated and immunoglobulin types of responses in persons at different disease stages and during and after treatment will be used to establish mechanisms that operate in pathogenesis and after treatment will be used to establish mechanisms that operate in pathogenesis and in the onset of cure and perhaps protection (Project #4. Sustained involvement of Sudanese administrators, professionals, and technicians throughout this program will ensure enhancement of national research capacity for the future, and the research results should contribute to improvements in health care for the affected human populations throughout the country.

总体项目目标是进行协作计划 关于几个基本问​​题的热带寄生疾病研究 是苏丹共和国的主要健康重点。这 我们寻求的解决方案应允许提出有价值的推论 涉及参与特征，预防，治疗和 控制热带其他地方的寄生疾病。四个广泛 并将解决重要的人类寄生虫：疟疾， 血吸虫病，chocerceriasis和Leishmanisis。到目前为止，疟疾是 苏丹最重要的疾病；在没有化学治疗或 向量控制干预措施感染的结果在很大程度上是 宿主免疫反应的结果 - 寄生虫相互作用。的本质 这些，特别是关于T细胞对定义的响应的 抗原和细胞介导的效应器机制的模式 特有的特有地区人口的亚集构成了重点 提案＃1。现代的血吸虫病方法 取决于广泛使用驱虫药。准确的评估 它们在病理学及其解决方面的影响只有 最近使用非侵入性超声技术成为可能。在 提案＃2我们扩展了我们的发现 在受影响社区中的纤维化包括生化和 病理发作和处置的免疫学相关性 血吸虫病最重要组成部分的变化。这 伊维菌素的潜在影响，一种新开发的微丝剂， 在苏丹的尾尾cer虫上是巨大的。但是，仍然存在主要问题 关于它的药理学和作用方式以及宿主免疫的作用 其体内功效的反应和 治疗。这些将在OnChocerciasis提案3中进行探讨。 利什曼病在苏丹东部农村地区常见，涉及免疫 其发病机理中的机制未得到很好的特征。 细胞介导的和免疫球蛋白类型的纵向监测 在不同疾病阶段以及之后和之后的人反应 治疗将用于在其发病机理中建立机制 没有很好的特征。细胞介导的纵向监测和 在不同疾病阶段的人的免疫球蛋白类型的反应类型 在治疗期间和之后，将用于建立机制 在发病机理和治疗后将使用以建立 在发病机理和治愈发作中起作用的机制 也许保护（项目＃4。苏丹人的持续参与 整个计划的管理人员，专业人士和技术人员 将确保增强未来国家研究能力，并 研究结果应有助于改善医疗保健 全国受影响的人口。