Neural substrates of deficits in naturalistic social cognition in schizophrenia

精神分裂症自然社会认知缺陷的神经基础

• 批准号: 10196984
• 负责人: Gaurav H Patel
• 金额: $ 66.59万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-07-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10196984
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Applications Grants; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Chronic; Clinical; Cognitive; Communication; Complex; Cues; Data; Detection; Diagnostic tests; Disease; Dorsal; Emotions; Eye Movements; Face; Facial Expression; Facial Expression Perception; Failure; Feeling; Frequencies; Future; Generations; Homelessness; Human; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Imprisonment; Individual; Interview; K-Series Research Career Programs; Lead; Light; Location; Maps; Measures; Mediating; Mental disorders; Mind; Motion; National Institute of Mental Health; Occupations; Participant; Patients; Pattern; Peripheral; Play; Population; Property; Psyche structure; Psychophysics; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Retina; Risk; Role; Saccades; Scanning; Schizophrenia; Social Functioning; Social Perception; Stimulus; Structure of superior temporal sulcus; Symptoms; System; Techniques; Testing; Thinking; Time; Unemployment; Vision; Visual; Visual Fields; Width; Work; base; cognitive rehabilitation; design; disability; experimental study; fovea centralis; innovation; movie; neuromechanism; neuroregulation; novel; novel diagnostics; receptive field; relating to nervous system; repaired; retinotopic; showing emotion; social; social cognition; social situation; theories; visual information; visual map; visual processing

Project Summary: Psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia are often marked by poor social cognition, but little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying these deficits. Visual scanning of social scenes for relevant social cues is a key domain of social cognition, and is necessary to detect and use social cues to understand the thoughts and feelings of others in the social scene (mentalization). The targeting of those eye- movements are often driven by facial expressions of emotion, which are salient, or stand out from other visual features, and are behaviorally relevant, or known to contain information useful for understanding the social situation. Recent work from my lab has found abnormalities in the visual scanning of naturalistic social scenes (movies of staged social scenes) in schizophrenia, which resulted in decreased detection of facial expressions and affected understanding of those scenes. I have also found gross functional deficits in the temporoparietal junction/posterior superior temporal sulcus (TPJ-pSTS), a region of the brain that contains brain areas related to the perception of facial expressions of emotion, guiding of eye-movements, and mentalization. This grant application aims to build on these findings by investigating the functional integrity of the cortical areas involved in the transformation of the visual information into plans for saccadic eye-movements in individuals with schizophrenia versus demographically matched healthy controls. I am proposing to perform a combination of free-viewing naturalistic and rigorously controlled psychophysical experiments to study these areas. We will use techniques that my lab has adapted from Dr. David Leopold and others to separately assess the integrity of the TPJ-pSTS in the visual processing, communications with other areas, and generation of saccades during free-viewing of movies. We will also examine the organization and functioning of the dorsal attention areas that control eye-movements. These frontoparietal areas are retinotopically mapped, meaning that they contain a 1:1 map of the visual field centered on the fovea of the retina. With Dr. Clayton Curtis, I will map these areas in each individual, and then examine whether the activity within these maps mirrors the salient and behaviorally relevant visual features in the movies viewed by the participants. Lastly, we will examine whether failures in visual scanning in SzP are related to deficits in the functioning of the TPJ-pSTS, dorsal attention areas, or both. The proposed experiments address several unmet needs outlined in the NIMH Strategic Objectives. The results of the proposed experiments will provide (as far as we know) the first full circuit-level map of a complex behavior that has direct psychiatric relevance. The results will also shed light on possible microcircuit deficits that may lead to retinotopic map abnormalities. With this information, I will then be able to design low- burden tests of social functioning easily deployed in clinical settings, and also start investigating rehabilitation or neuromodulation treatments to repair or compensate for these social cognition deficits in schizophrenia.

项目摘要：精神分裂症等精神疾病通常以不良的社会认知为特征，但是 关于这些缺陷的神经机制知之甚少。视觉扫描社交场景 相关的社会暗示是社会认知的关键领域，对于检测和使用社会线索才能 了解社交场景中他人的思想和感受（心理化）。那些眼睛的靶向 运动通常是由面部表情驱动的，这些情感是显着的，或者在其他视觉上脱颖而出 功能，并且在行为上相关，或已知包含有助于理解社会的信息 情况。我实验室的最新工作发现自然主义社交场景的视觉扫描异常 （分阶段的社交场景电影）在精神分裂症中，导致面部表情的检测减少 并影响了对这些场景的理解。我还发现颞叶中的功能不足 连接/后颞沟（TPJ-PSTS），大脑的区域包含与大脑区域相关的大脑区域 感知到面部表情，指导眼动和心理化。这笔赠款 应用程序旨在通过研究涉及的皮质区域的功能完整性来建立这些发现 在将视觉信息转换为患有患者的saccadic眼动计划的计划中 精神分裂症与人口统计学匹配的健康对照。 我建议进行自由观看自然主义和严格控制的组合 研究这些领域的心理物理实验。我们将使用我的实验室改编自博士的技术。 大卫·利奥波德（David Leopold）和其他人在视觉处理中分别评估TPJ-PST的完整性， 与其他领域的交流，并在电影的自由观看期间产生扫视。我们也会 检查控制眼动的背注意区域的组织和功能。这些 额叶区域是视网膜映射的，这意味着它们包含视野的1：1地图 集中在视网膜的中央凹上。与Clayton Curtis博士一起，我将在每个人中绘制这些区域，然后 检查这些地图中的活动是否反映了在 参与者观看的电影。最后，我们将检查SZP视觉扫描中的失败是否 与TPJ-PST，背注意区域或两者兼有的功能缺陷有关。 拟议的实验解决了NIMH战略目标中概述的几个未满足需求。 拟议的实验的结果将（据我们所知） 具有直接精神病意义的复杂行为。结果还将阐明可能的微电路 可能导致视网膜图异常的缺陷。有了这些信息，我将能够设计低 - 社交功能的负担测试很容易部署在临床环境中，也开始调查康复 或神经调节治疗以修复或补偿精神分裂症中这些社会认知缺陷。