RAPID: Collaborative Research: Transforming passive protective face masks toward active capture and inactivation of coronavirus with nano-assisted surfactant modification

RAPID：合作研究：通过纳米辅助表面活性剂改性，将被动防护口罩转变为主动捕获和灭活冠状病毒

• 批准号: 2028521
• 负责人: Navid Saleh
• 金额: $ 9.24万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2022-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2028521&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Transforming; passive

Novel coronavirus disease is caused by SARS-CoV-2, an extremely virulent strain of coronavirus that is responsible for an increasing number of illnesses and deaths, globally. According to the World Health Organization, “SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted via droplets and fomites during close unprotected contact between an infector and an infectee”. A recent study has shown that these virions can be airborne for at least 30 minutes and be active on the aerosol droplets up to three hours. Non-pharmaceutical protection is essential to stunt the spread of this virus. As of March 19, 2020, the Center for Disease Control’s official guidelines include non-optimal reuse of surgical masks for extended periods of time. Then, on March 27, 2020, the World Health Organization declared a critical emergency on personal protection equipment. The reuse of masks puts healthcare workers, first line responders, patients, and the community at risk. The aim of this research project between the University of Texas-Austin and the University of Florida Health Shands Hospital is to develop and implement a rapid protocol for extended use of surgical and N95 masks. The researchers will develop a fast, simple procedure for turning passive masks into active protective gear.This proposal addresses a critical need to improve personal protection equipment during the coronavirus crisis. A new extended use protocol for masks will render immediate benefits to the healthcare community. An enhanced mechanistic understanding of virion capture and inactivation at nano-bio interfaces will have wide applicability in the design of personal protective equipment. This research project has the following objectives: (i) obtain masks from the Shands hospital, treat them with surfactants, ultraviolet-C ray, and steam, and then characterize the efficacy of each treatment using viability tests, (ii) modify mask surfaces with surfactant-modified (sodium lauryl sulfate, butadines, or stearoyl lactylate) carbon particles (activated carbon, carbon quantum dots, or nano-diamond) at different ratios and moisture content and then test their efficacy in attaching and inactivating coronaviruses, (iii) understand the mechanisms of virus attachment and inactivation, and (iv) implement a rapid extended mask-use program. The outcomes from this project should have critical and widespread scientific and public health impacts. The modified masks could provide needed support to the depleted mask-inventory of health care providers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

新型冠状病毒疾病是由 SARS-CoV-2 引起的，这是一种毒性极强的冠状病毒株，在全球范围内导致越来越多的疾病和死亡，据世界卫生组织称，“SARS-CoV-2 通过飞沫传播。最近的一项研究表明，这些病毒粒子可以在空气中传播至少 30 分钟，并在气溶胶液滴上活跃长达三个小时。自 2020 年 3 月 19 日起，非药物防护对于阻止这种病毒的传播至关重要，疾病控制中心的官方指南包括在 2020 年 3 月 27 日以非最佳方式重复使用外科口罩。世界卫生组织宣布个人防护设备进入紧急状态，重复使用口罩使医护人员、一线救护人员、患者和社区面临风险。德克萨斯州奥斯汀分校和佛罗里达大学健康尚兹医院将制定并实施一项延长使用外科口罩和 N95 口罩的快速方案，研究人员将开发一种快速、简单的程序，将被动口罩转变为主动防护装备。该提案解决了一个问题。在冠状病毒危机期间，迫切需要改进个人防护设备。一种新的口罩扩展使用方案将为医疗保健界带来直接好处，增强对纳米生物界面病毒粒子捕获和灭活的机制的了解将在设计中具有广泛的适用性。个人防护该研究项目的目标如下：(i) 从 Shands 医院获取口罩，用表面活性剂、紫外线 C 射线和蒸汽对其进行处理，然后使用活性测试来表征每种处理的功效，(ii) 改进口罩。表面活性剂改性（十二烷基硫酸钠、丁二烯或硬脂酰乳酸酯）碳颗粒（活性炭、碳量子点或纳米金刚石）以不同比例和水分含量和然后测试它们在附着和灭活冠状病毒方面的功效，（iii）了解病毒附着和灭活的机制，以及（iv）实施快速扩展口罩使用计划。该项目的结果应该会产生关键和广泛的科学和公共卫生影响。改良后的口罩可以为医疗保健提供者耗尽的口罩库存提供所需的支持。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Workshop: Transmission, Prediction, Treatment, and Public Health Experiences Learned During COVID-19 Pandemic

研讨会：COVID-19 大流行期间的传播、预测、治疗和公共卫生经验

• 发表时间: 2012-01
• 期刊: 9th Annual Meeting of Sustainable Nanotechnology Organization
• 作者: Saleh; N. B.
• 通讯作者: N. B.