Collaborative Research: RAPID: Investigating the magnitude and timing of post-fire sediment transport in the Texas Panhandle

合作研究：RAPID：调查德克萨斯州狭长地带火灾后沉积物迁移的程度和时间

• 批准号: 2425429
• 负责人: Brandee Carlson
• 金额: $ 1.76万
• 依托单位: University of Houston
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2425429&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RAPID; Investigating; magnitude

The largest wildfires in Texas history recently burned more than 1.1 million acres (4,450 square kilometers), and have devastated livestock, crops, wildlife, homes, and ranching infrastructure across the Texas Panhandle. The effects of wildfire on sediment transport are well studied, and indicate that the absence of vegetation and hydrophobic characteristics of burned soils create conditions that intensify overland flow during subsequent rain events and can mobilize large volumes of fine sediment and initiate debris flows. However, much of this understanding of post-fire hydrologic and geomorphic processes is derived from steep (30 degrees) and forested landscapes. Post-fire processes in the lower-slope (1–10 degrees) grassland and shrubland landscapes of the Texas Panhandle are unknown. This project will contribute important data for management of federally classified critical habitat that hosts an endangered fish species, the peppered chub. The project supports undergraduate research at three Hispanic Serving Institutions across Texas.This study is crucial for understanding the magnitude and timing of post-fire sediment transport in shrublands. A major contribution of this work will be the collection of the first post-fire sediment transport measurements in low-sloping environments like the Texas Panhandle. Measurements of sediment grain size and regolith thickness will inform the degree to which sediment transport rates are limited by stress exerted by overland flow or sediment availability. This project will also constrain the importance of vegetation as an intermittent fire-mediated storage site in low-sloping environments. Finally, measurements of suspended sediment in the Canadian River and Lake Meredith will constrain the transport timescales for fine sediment from hillslopes and tributaries to reach the sediment sink of Lake Meredith.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

德克萨斯州历史上最大的野火最近烧毁了超过 110 万英亩（4,450 平方公里）的土地，并摧毁了德克萨斯州狭长地带的牲畜、农作物、野生动物、房屋和牧场基础设施。野火对沉积物输送的影响已得到充分研究。表明，植被的缺乏和烧毁土壤的疏水特性创造了在随后的降雨期间加剧地表径流的条件，并且可以移动大量的细沉积物和碎片引发水流。地貌过程源自德克萨斯州狭长地带的陡峭（30 度）和森林景观的火灾后过程。该项目将为联邦管理提供重要数据。该项目支持德克萨斯州三个西班牙裔服务机构的本科生研究，该研究对于了解灌木丛火灾后沉积物迁移的程度和时间至关重要。这项工作的贡献将是收集德克萨斯州狭长地带等低坡度环境中的第一个火灾后沉积物迁移测量结果，沉积物颗粒尺寸和风化层厚度的测量将了解沉积物迁移率受压力影响的程度。该项目还将限制植被作为低坡度环境中间歇性火灾介导的储存地点的重要性。最后，对加拿大河和梅雷迪斯湖中悬浮沉积物的测量将限制细沉积物的运输时间尺度。从该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。