Early medieval harbours between Wismar Bay and Danzig Bay (Germany/Poland)

维斯马湾和但泽湾之间的早期中世纪港口（德国/波兰）

• 批准号: 219305126
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Hauke Jöns
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut (DAI)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/219305126?language=en
• 关键词: Early; medieval; harbours; between; Wismar

The aim of the project is a systematic and interdisciplinary study of the structures of early medieval maritime emporia between Wismar Bay and the Gulf of Gdansk. The activities carried out during the first phase of the project led to many new results regarding the landscape and settlement history of the individual study areas. Thus, first patterns of the choice of the locations could be examined: for the founding of landing places and ports protected areas in bays and lagoons or along rivers were preferred, while the associated settlement was often was established in close proximity on elevated locations. The landing sites and shore lines were partially stabilized by wooden installations. In several cases was the connection between port and settlement systematically expanded and fixed within the framework of larger infrastructure. If cemeteries are known, they are usually in an elevated position and offered a view over the emporia with their landing sites or ports. Particularly evident was the dependence of the settlement complexes on paleogeographic processes: sedimentation, changes in water level or multiple flood events led to extensive expansion and installation of infrastructural ameliorations within settlements and also the ports. For Bardy/Swielubie and Groß Strömkendorf is to assume that the high dynamics of the river and the relative sea-level rise respectively might have been a reason for the abandonment of the settlements. In the applyed second phase of the project existing knowledge will be tightly focussed and deepened with the help of additional geological, geophysical and archaeological prospection and analysis. In addition to the paleogeographic conditions for the establishment of ports it remains to be clarified, how the harbours were linked to their respective settlements, what social and economic function the harbors possessed within the settlement structure and whether for loading and unloading of boats and ships jetties or piers were built. Due to the excellent preservation of organic materials in all study sites it is proposed to do complementary paleobotanical and zoological analyzes. They certainly will allow the compilation of numerous details about the materials used, but also for the food aliment and the environmental conditions. At the end of the project the results and a synthesis of the research project will completely be published.

该项目的目的是对维斯马湾和格但斯克湾之间的中世纪早期海上商场的结构进行系统和跨学科的研究。该项目第一阶段开展的活动产生了许多有关景观和定居历史的新成果。因此，可以检查地点选择的第一个模式：首选在海湾和泻湖或沿河建立登陆地点和港口保护区，而相关的定居点往往建立在紧密的距离上。接近高架在一些情况下，港口和定居点之间的连接被系统地扩展并固定在较大的基础设施框架内，这些登陆点和海岸线通常位于较高的位置。俯瞰恩波里亚及其登陆点或港口的景观尤其明显的是定居点对古地理过程的依赖：沉积作用、水位变化或多次洪水事件导致了内部基础设施的广泛扩张和安装。对于 Birdy/Swielubie 和 Groß Strömkendorf 来说，河流的高动态和相对海平面上升可能是在所应用的第二阶段中放弃定居点的原因。项目将借助额外的地质、地球物理和考古勘探和分析，紧密关注和深化现有知识。除了建立港口的古地理条件外，还有待澄清的是如何建立港口。港口与其各自的聚落相关，港口在聚落结构内具有哪些社会和经济功能，以及是否建造了用于船舶装卸的码头或码头。建议进行互补的古植物学和动物学汇编，他们当然会汇编有关所用材料的大量详细信息，而且还会在项目结束时汇编研究项目的结果和综合。将要彻底发表。