Collaborative Research: RAPID: Taxonomic and metagenetic analysis of species distributions for marine meiofauna from the Gulf of Mexico

合作研究：RAPID：墨西哥湾海洋小型底栖动物物种分布的分类学和宏遗传分析

• 批准号: 1058458
• 负责人: William Thomas
• 金额: $ 13.05万
• 依托单位: University of New Hampshire
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1058458&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RAPID; Taxonomic; metagenetic

Oceanic sediments harbor most of the world?s biodiversity, primarily comprised of minute organisms that perform key ecological functions such as nutrient cycling, critical to the biodegradation of hydrocarbons. Unfortunately, knowledge of these communities of organisms in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) is sparse, thus precluding informed mitigation and remediation of the BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Knowledge-based action requires that three key questions be addressed: 1) How unique are the communities in the GOM? 2) How structured are the communities within the GOM? and 3) What has been the effect of anthropogenic disturbance on these communities? Cutting-edge, high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies will be utilized alongside traditional taxonomic methods to assay the diversity of virtually all complex organisms from sediment samples collected prior to the April 2010 spill, representing diverse habitats across the GOM. The BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill represents one of the most dramatic anthropogenic events in human history. It will both require and inspire the interest of future biologists for decades. This funding will specifically provide new opportunities for student engagement in the long-term characterization of biodiversity, using new tools to understand the response of organisms to environmental change and the consequences, mitigation and remediation of such a severe environmental disturbance. Training will include support for undergraduate students to attend a workshop in GOM biodiversity assessment as well as graduate and postdoctoral training. In all cases participation by underrepresented groups in science will be actively encouraged. Most importantly, all data collected will be made openly accessible to the public and scientific communities to facilitate ongoing research and maximize the engagement of all stakeholders.

海洋沉积物具有世界上大多数的生物多样性，主要由少量生物组成，这些生物具有关键的生态功能，例如营养循环，对碳氢化合物的生物降解至关重要。不幸的是，对墨西哥湾（GOM）中这些生物体社区的了解很少，因此排除了对BP Deepwater Horizo​​n Oil泄漏的知情缓解和修复。基于知识的行动需要解决三个关键问题：1）GOM中的社区的独特性如何？ 2）GOM中的社区的结构如何？ 3）人为障碍对这些社区的影响是什么？最先进的高通量DNA测序技术将与传统的分类学方法一起使用，以分析2010年4月溢出之前收集的沉积物样品的几乎所有复杂生物的多样性，代表了GOM跨GOM的各种栖息地。 BP Deepwater Horizo​​n油漏油代表了人类历史上最戏剧性的人为事件之一。几十年来，它既需要并激发未来生物学家的兴趣。这项资金将专门为学生参与生物多样性的长期表征提供新的机会，并使用新工具来了解生物对环境变化的反应以及对这种严重环境骚扰的后果，缓解和修复的后果，缓解和修复。培训将包括支持本科生参加GOM生物多样性评估的研讨会以及研究生和博士后培训。在所有情况下，将积极鼓励代表性不足的科学团体参与科学。最重要的是，所有收集的数据都将公开访问公共和科学社区，以促进正在进行的研究并最大程度地提高所有利益相关者的参与。