Collaborative Research: RAPID: Investigating the magnitude and timing of post-fire sediment transport in the Texas Panhandle

合作研究：RAPID：调查德克萨斯州狭长地带火灾后沉积物迁移的程度和时间

• 批准号: 2425431
• 负责人: Tian Dong
• 金额: $ 1.67万
• 依托单位: The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2425431&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RAPID; Investigating; magnitude

The largest wildfires in Texas history recently burned more than 1.1 million acres (4,450 square kilometers), and have devastated livestock, crops, wildlife, homes, and ranching infrastructure across the Texas Panhandle. The effects of wildfire on sediment transport are well studied, and indicate that the absence of vegetation and hydrophobic characteristics of burned soils create conditions that intensify overland flow during subsequent rain events and can mobilize large volumes of fine sediment and initiate debris flows. However, much of this understanding of post-fire hydrologic and geomorphic processes is derived from steep (30 degrees) and forested landscapes. Post-fire processes in the lower-slope (1–10 degrees) grassland and shrubland landscapes of the Texas Panhandle are unknown. This project will contribute important data for management of federally classified critical habitat that hosts an endangered fish species, the peppered chub. The project supports undergraduate research at three Hispanic Serving Institutions across Texas.This study is crucial for understanding the magnitude and timing of post-fire sediment transport in shrublands. A major contribution of this work will be the collection of the first post-fire sediment transport measurements in low-sloping environments like the Texas Panhandle. Measurements of sediment grain size and regolith thickness will inform the degree to which sediment transport rates are limited by stress exerted by overland flow or sediment availability. This project will also constrain the importance of vegetation as an intermittent fire-mediated storage site in low-sloping environments. Finally, measurements of suspended sediment in the Canadian River and Lake Meredith will constrain the transport timescales for fine sediment from hillslopes and tributaries to reach the sediment sink of Lake Meredith.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

德克萨斯州历史上最大的野火最近烧毁了超过110万英亩（4,450平方公里），并摧毁了整个德克萨斯州Panhandle的牲畜，农作物，野生动植物，房屋和牧场基础设施。野火对沉积物传输的影响很好地研究了，这表明燃烧土壤的植被和疏水特性的缺乏会产生在随后的雨中事件中加剧陆上流动的条件，并可以动员大量的细泥沙并启动碎屑流。但是，对火后水文和地貌过程的这种理解大部分来自钢（30度）和森林景观。得克萨斯州潘汉德尔（Panhandle）的低斜坡（1-10度）草原和灌木丛景观中的火后过程尚不清楚。该项目将为管理联邦分类的关键栖息地的管理提供重要数据，该栖息地拥有一种濒临灭绝的鱼类，即辣椒。该项目支持得克萨斯州的三个西班牙裔服务机构的本科研究。这项研究对于了解灌木丛中火后沉积物运输的规模和时机至关重要。这项工作的主要贡献将是在德克萨斯州Panhandle等低矮环境中收集了第一批火后沉积物运输测量值。沉积物晶粒尺寸和岩石厚度的测量将告知沉积物传输速率受到陆上流量或沉积物的可用性限制的程度。该项目还将限制植被在低倾斜环境中作为间歇性火灾介导的存储地点的重要性。最后，对加拿大河和梅雷迪思湖中悬浮沉积物的测量将限制运输时间表的山坡和支流的精细沉积物，以达到梅雷迪思湖的沉积物水槽。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的知识优点和广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得的。