Determinants of Male Dominance and Reproductive Success in Wild Primates

野生灵长类动物雄性优势和繁殖成功的决定因素

• 批准号: 9817588
• 负责人: Anne Pusey
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-02-01 至 2001-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9817588&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Determinants; Male; Dominance; Reproductive; Success

Animal Behavior ProgramNontechnical AbstractProposal #: 9817588PI: Pusey, AnneTitle: Determinants of male dominance and reproductive success in wild primatesMale chimpanzees and baboons compete for dominance rank and for access to receptive females. The ultimate goal of the project is to determine how male reproductive success is influenced by such physical traits as body size, canine length and morphological symmetry and by such behavioral strategies as social dominance, alliance formation, paternal care and the cultivation of long-term relationships with females. Dr. Pusey's research will be carried out on the chimpanzees and baboons of Gombe National Park on populations that have been studied for nearly 40 years. This is an extraordinary database upon which to anchor interpretations of the results from this project. The immediate goal is to perfect techniques for paternity exclusions by extracting DNA from fecal samples and hair. Samples will be collected as part of the long-term studies at Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Various extraction techniques will be tested, and human MapPairTM primers will be screened to identify genetic markers in chimpanzees and baboons that exhibit necessary levels of heterozygosity yet whose alleles are sufficiently distinguishable from humans to minimize problems associated with contamination.Measuring the relationship between physical prowess, symmetry, dominance rank, and reproductive success will increase understanding of the evolution of sexual dimorphism and the importance of symmetry in indicating "quality." Measuring the effects of behavioral strategies will reveal the extent to which male mating competition has driven the evolution of complex social behavior. Because these genetic techniques are non-invasive, the project will greatly enhance the ability to monitor levels of inbreeding in endangered populations.

动物行为计划纳特学院摘要＃：9817588PI：Pusey，Annetitle：男性主导地位的决定因素和野生灵长类动物黑猩猩和狒狒在竞争中占优势等级并获得接受女性的繁殖。 该项目的最终目标是确定男性生殖成功如何受到身体大小，犬长长度和形态对称性等身体特征的影响，以及社会优势，联盟形成，父亲护理和长期关系等行为策略与女性。 Pusey博士的研究将在Gombe National Park的黑猩猩和狒狒上进行，这些人口已有近40年的研究。 这是一个非凡的数据库，可以在此数据库中锚定对该项目结果的解释。直接目标是通过从粪便样品和头发中提取DNA来完善伴侣排除的技术。 样品将作为坦桑尼亚戈姆贝国家公园长期研究的一部分收集。 将测试各种提取技术，并将筛选人类Mappairtm引物，以识别黑猩猩和狒狒的遗传标记，这些标志物表现出必要水平的杂合性，但它们的等位基因与人类的等位基因足够区分以最小化与污染相关的问题。对称性，优势等级和生殖成功将增加对性二态性演变的理解以及对称性在指示“质量”中的重要性。 衡量行为策略的影响将揭示男性交配竞争驱动复杂社会行为的演变的程度。 由于这些遗传技术是非侵入性的，因此该项目将大大增强监测濒危种群近交水平的能力。