Neurocognition and Performance after Moderate Drinking in Older Adults

老年人适度饮酒后的神经认知和表现

• 批准号: 8139061
• 负责人: SARA JO NIXON
• 金额: $ 45.03万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-10 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8139061
• 关键词: Accounting; Acute; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attention; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Blood; Blood alcohol level measurement; Cardiovascular system; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Complex; Data; Decision Making; Dependence; Dissociation; Dose; Double-Blind Method; Drug Kinetics; Elderly; Environmental Risk Factor; Event; Female; Gender; Impairment; Individual; Injury; Legal; Life Style; Light; Limb structure; Literature; Measures; Methods; Modeling; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Neurocognition; Neurocognitive; Outcome; Participant; Performance; Placebo Effect; Placebos; Population; Principal Investigator; Process; Quality of life; Randomized; Recommendation; Risk; Sampling; Sex Characteristics; Short-Term Memory; Speed; Ursidae Family; Variant; Visual attention; Work; age effect; age group; age related; alcohol effect; base; breath alcohol measurement; cognitive change; design; directed attention; drinking; healthy aging; innovation; male; middle age; neurobehavioral; neurobehavioral test; neurophysiology; placebo controlled study; public health relevance; response; selective attention; shift work; simulation; skills; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There has been increasing attention directed to the potential benefits of moderate drinking, particularly in middle-aged to older adults. Importantly, most of this work has focused on moderate drinking as a lifestyle, without direct consideration of the acute effects of moderate doses of alcohol on older drinkers (i.e., moderate drinking as an event). Little is known about the effects of moderate doses of acute alcohol on neurocognitive, neurophysiological and performance measures among healthy adults in middle to later adulthood. From a scientific perspective, the absence of these data restrains conclusions regarding the direct effects of alcohol on behavior as well as the compensatory neurobehavioral mechanisms that may impact outcome. From a clinical perspective, the absence of data greatly restrains recommendations regarding the short-term risks associated with bouts of moderate drinking for a growing segment of the population. Pilot work (partial support, NIAAA R03AA14039, Nixon, principal investigator) revealed age effects suggesting that a low dose of alcohol negatively affected performance on the ascending limb to a greater extent than on the descending limb, but only for older (as opposed to younger) participants/subjects (Ss). Interestingly, the older group was also less aware of their deficits. Importantly, age-related differences in pharmacokinetics could not account for these results [40]. Interestingly, visual attention assessed at peak breath alcohol concentration (~.04 percent) was impaired equally for older Ss who received alcohol and those who actually received placebo but believed they had received alcohol [39] [See Section 3]. Unfortunately, representation across the conditions was not sufficient to allow gender- related analyses. These data provide conceptual guidance and reinforce the feasibility of and need for a systematic study that includes a greater dose range, larger samples for gender analyses, and more comprehensive neurobehavioral assessments. Therefore, we propose a double-blind placebo controlled study using a 2 (age: younger (25-35)/older (55-70)) by 2 (gender) by 3 (placebo, low (~.04 percent), and moderate (~. 065 percent)) alcohol dose factorial design to clarify the main and interactive effects of these variables on psychomotor speed, set-shifting abilities, attentional processes, and complex integrated behavior (i.e., driving simulation). To enhance the theoretical import of the work, we bring current models of cognitive aging to bear. The study has significant relevance to basic and applied studies of moderate (i.e., legal) levels of acute alcohol, healthy aging and cognition, and gender differences in sensitivity to the neurobehavioral effects of alcohol administration. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: There has been increasing attention to potential cardiovascular and quality of life benefits associated with a moderate drinking lifestyle, particularly in middle aged to older adults. However, little systematic work has focused on the acute effects of these moderate doses on cognitive and performance variables critical to effective higher order functions including decision-making and tracking information. Building on our pilot work, this project compares performance between male and female older and younger moderate drinkers under 3 alcohol conditions designed to achieve zero blood alcohol concentration (placebo (0), a low level (~.04 percent) or a moderate level (~ .065 percent) to examine 1) to what extent and under what low-to-moderate alcohol doses older adults may demonstrate differential sensitivity and 2) whether older drinkers can accurately anticipate alcohol- related deficits. The findings will not only allow us to disentangle age from alcohol effects on neurocognitive tasks, but also shed light on differential risk for injury and negative outcome associated with episodes of moderate drinking among non-problem, older drinkers.

描述（由申请人提供）：越来越关注中等饮酒的潜在益处，尤其是在中年对老年人中的潜在益处。重要的是，这项工作的大部分都集中在适度的饮酒作为生活方式上，而无需直接考虑中等剂量的酒精对年长饮酒者的急性影响（即适度的饮酒作为事件）。关于中等剂量的急性酒精对健康成年人的神经认知，神经生理学和性能指标的影响知之甚少。从科学的角度来看，缺乏这些数据限制了关于酒精对行为的直接影响以及可能影响结果的补偿性神经行为机制的结论。从临床角度来看，缺乏数据极大地限制了有关与中等量的人群相关的短期风险的建议。飞行员工作（部分支持，NIAAA R03AA14039，尼克松，首席研究员）揭示了年龄效应，表明低剂量的酒精对上升的肢体的效果低于降落的肢体，但仅在降落的肢体上，但仅适用于年龄较大（与年龄较小的受试者）/受试者/受试者/受试者/受试者/受试者（SS）。有趣的是，年长的小组也不太了解他们的赤字。重要的是，药代动力学与年龄有关的差异无法解释这些结果[40]。有趣的是，对于呼吸峰值酒精浓度（约0.04％）评估的视觉注意力（约0.04％）的人因接受酒精和实际接受安慰剂但认为他们接受过酒精的人而受到损害[39] [39] [见第3节]。不幸的是，在整个条件下的表示不足以允许与性别相关的分析。这些数据提供了概念指导，并增强了系统研究的可行性和需求，其中包括更大的剂量范围，更大的性别分析样本以及更全面的神经行为评估。 Therefore, we propose a double-blind placebo controlled study using a 2 (age: younger (25-35)/older (55-70)) by 2 (gender) by 3 (placebo, low (~.04 percent), and moderate (~. 065 percent)) alcohol dose factorial design to clarify the main and interactive effects of these variables on psychomotor speed, set-shifting abilities, attentional processes, and complex integrated behavior （即，驾驶模拟）。为了增强作品的理论进口，我们将当前的认知衰老模型带来了承受。该研究与急性酒精，健康衰老和认知水平的中等水平（即法律）水平以及对饮酒神经行为神经行为影响的敏感性的性别差异有关。 公共卫生相关性：越来越关注与中等饮酒生活方式相关的潜在心血管和生活质量益处，尤其是在中年对老年人的中年。但是，很少有系统的工作集中在这些中等剂量对有效高阶功能至关重要的认知和性能变量（包括决策和跟踪信息）至关重要的认知和性能变量上。在我们的试点工作的基础上，该项目将男性和女性年龄较大和年轻的中度饮酒者之间的表现在3种酒精条件下进行比较，旨在达到零血液酒精浓度（安慰剂（0），低水平（〜.04％）或中等水平（〜.065％）（〜.065％），以检查何种程度，在何种程度上，在何种程度上可以表现出低对剂量的老年人，可以表现出较老的饮酒剂，是否可以表现出较老的饮料，是否可以表现出2剂量的剂量，是否可以表现出2剂量的剂量。这些发现不仅可以使我们能够使年龄从对神经认知任务的饮酒产生影响，还可以阐明与非问题，年龄较大的饮酒者中适度饮酒相关的损伤风险和负面结果的差异风险。