The role of alpha-band oscillations in feature-based selective attention.

α带振荡在基于特征的选择性注意中的作用。

• 批准号: 8055978
• 负责人: Adam Christopher Snyder
• 金额: $ 2.43万
• 依托单位: CITY COLLEGE OF NEW YORK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-01 至 2012-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8055978
• 关键词: Animals; Area; Attention; Attention Deficit Disorder; Attenuated; Behavioral; Binding; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Categories; Cell physiology; Color; Cues; Discrimination; Disease; Electroencephalogram; Environment; Event; Frequencies; Generations; Goals; Influentials; Laboratories; Location; Maps; Measures; Mediating; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Modeling; Motion; Neurons; Parietal; Participant; Physiological; Play; Process; Property; Relative (related person); Research; Resources; Role; Scalp structure; Schizophrenia; Series; Stimulus; Stream; Study models; Sum; Testing; Thalamic Nuclei; Visual; Visuospatial; Work; attentional modulation; autism spectrum disorder; base; brain electrical activity; cognitive function; color processing; density; extrastriate visual cortex; interest; neurophysiology; operation; relating to nervous system; research study; selective attention; spatiotemporal; stimulus processing; theories; visual search; visual stimulus

When covertly attending to regions of space where behaviorally relevant information is expected to occur, processing of visual stimuli appearing at those locations is enhanced. Conversely, if a region of space is expected to be a locus of distracting events, processing of stimuli occurring there is attenuated. This latter suppressive process is reflected by retinotopically specific increases of alpha-band (8-15Hz) oscillatory power in the electroencephalogram. Based on the cellular physiology of similar oscillations in animals, it has been proposed that alpha might serve as a functional gating mechanism. Importantly, the network of neural areas that have been found to contribute to the generation of these rhythms, which include frontal, parietal and occipital visual areas and thalamic nuclei are the same areas implicated in several influential theories of attentional operations. Further characterization of the alpha-band measure is needed to determine the extent to which it is epiphenomenal to attentional deployment mechanisms, or rather an endogenous attentional mechanism per se. To date, the alpha-band measure of selective attention has only been characterized with respect to spatial attention. However, attention can also be deployed to non-spatial visual features, such as color or motion parameters, facilitating the processing of subsequent stimuli with the attended feature, independently of its spatial location. The goal of this project is to further characterize the alpha-band attentional measure by testing its spatiotemporal properties in a purely feature-based attention task. To this end, a classic visual spatial selective attention task will be transformed into a purely featural domain. A symbolic cue will inform participants about a task-relevant feature of an upcoming stimulus, while electrical brain activity is recorded at the scalp. The cue and imperative stimuli will be separated by an interval during which no stimulation occurs, the brain activity during which reflects internal preparatory attentional processes. By varying parameters of the cue (such as its informativeness) and imperative stimuli (such as its duration or coherence) contexts will be created for which different attentional sets are advantageous, allowing the assessment of the extent and limits of alpha-band power increases as a mechanism for suppression in biased competition models.

当秘密关注预计会出现行为相关信息的空间区域时，对出现在这些位置的视觉刺激的处理会得到增强。相反，如果空间的某个区域预计会成为分散注意力的事件的场所，那么对那里发生的刺激的处理就会减弱。后一种抑制过程通过脑电图中α波段（8-15Hz）振荡功率的视网膜局部特异性增加来反映。基于动物中类似振荡的细胞生理学，有人提出α可能作为一种功能性门控机制。重要的是，已发现有助于产生这些节律的神经区域网络，包括额叶、顶叶和枕叶视觉区域以及丘脑核，与几种有影响力的注意力操作理论中涉及的区域相同。需要对 α 波段测量进行进一步表征，以确定它对注意力部署机制（或者更确切地说是内源性注意力机制本身）的附带现象的程度。迄今为止，选择性注意的 α 波段测量仅针对空间注意进行了表征。然而，注意力也可以部署到非空间视觉特征，例如颜色或运动参数，从而促进使用所关注的特征处理后续刺激，而与其空间位置无关。 该项目的目标是通过在纯粹基于特征的注意力任务中测试其时空特性来进一步表征 α 波段注意力测量。 为此，经典的视觉空间选择性注意任务将转变为纯粹的特征域。象征性提示将告知参与者即将到来的刺激的与任务相关的特征，同时记录头皮上的脑电活动。提示和命令性刺激将被一段时间间隔分开，在此期间不发生任何刺激，在此期间的大脑活动反映了内部准备性注意力过程。通过改变提示的参数（例如其信息量）和命令性刺激（例如其持续时间或连贯性），将创建不同的注意力集有利的上下文，从而允许评估 alpha 频段功率增加的程度和限制抑制有偏见的竞争模型的机制。

项目成果

The countervailing forces of binding and selection in vision.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2011.05.003
• 发表时间: 2012-09
• 期刊: CORTEX
• 影响因子: 3.6
• 作者: Snyder, Adam C.;Foxe, John J.
• 通讯作者: Foxe, John J.

Anticipatory attentional suppression of visual features indexed by oscillatory alpha-band power increases: a high-density electrical mapping study.

• DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.5684-09.2010
• 发表时间: 2010-03-17
• 期刊: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
• 作者: Snyder AC;Foxe JJ
• 通讯作者: Foxe JJ