Identifying selective visual attention mechanisms through high-dimensional analysis.

通过高维分析识别选择性视觉注意机制。

基本信息

批准号：
9127978
负责人：
Adam Christopher Snyder
金额：
$ 9.63万
依托单位：
CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-01 至 2018-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9127978
关键词：
Achievement Affect Area Attention Attention Deficit Disorder Autistic Disorder Automobile Driving Basic Science Behavioral Brain Cerebral cortex Clinical Research Code Complex Data Data Set Disease Electric Stimulation Electrophysiology (science)Feedback Fire - disasters Foundations Future Goals Grant Health Individual Investigation K-Series Research Career Programs Knowledge Learning Life Linear Models Link Location Measures Memory Mentors Mentorship Methods Microelectrodes Modeling Monkeys Motor Motor Cortex Movement Nature Neurons Output Pattern Perception Population Preparation Primates Process Professional Practice Property Research Research Project Grants Schizophrenia Scientist Sensory Sensory Process Signal Transduction Site Source Stimulus Structure Techniques Testing Therapeutic Intervention Training Translating Universities Vision Disorders Visual Visual Cortex Visual attention area V4 base career cognitive ability dimensional analysis electrical microstimulation extrastriate visual cortex frontal eye fields frontal lobe inattention information processing innovation microstimulation neural prosthesis premature relating to nervous system research study retinotopic selective attention sensory cortex tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The visual world contains more information than the brain can process. Fortunately, we have some ability to influence which sources of information receive processing priority through the mechanism of selective attention, and this ability is critical for daily life. While much research has focused on the effects of attention on information processing, relatively little remains known about how attention states are established. This is because clear effects of attention preparation at the level of single neurons have not been forthcoming. Recently, movement preparation has been linked to activity patterns that can be identified by analyzing dozens of neurons together. Such `high-dimensional' analyses have not been applied to sensory brain areas however, and we reasoned that a similar approach may overcome the barriers to progress in explaining attention preparation in sensory cortex. The goal of this research project is to apply high-dimensional analyses to the neuronal activity in sensory cortex in order to characterize how attention states are established. We have developed a carefully titrated research strategy that will achieve this overarching goal through three systematic and specific aims. We will begin by identifying the activity patterns in visual cortex that correlate with attention and inattention, both in the context of attention to spatial locations and in the context of attention to visual features. We will then add a layer of complexit by analyzing neuronal activity recorded from both visual cortex and frontal cortex -a presumed source of attention control signals -to identify the processes that drive these preparatory attention states. Finally, to test the causal nature of the neuronal correlates identified by the preceding two aims, we will use microstimulation in frontal cortex in an effort to mimic the neural and behavioral effects of attentional preparation. Since this is a career development award, another major goal of this project is the training of Dr. Adam C. Snyder in the high-dimensional analysis methods (under the mentorship of Dr. Byron Yu of Carnegie Mellon University) and experimental techniques (under the mentorship of Dr. Matthew Smith of the University of Pittsburgh) required for the achievement of the research aims, as well as the professional practices that will be needed throughout his career as an independent scientist. At the end of this project, Dr. Snyder will have received first-rate training in the analysis of high-dimensional datasets and practices of primate electrophysiology, strengthening his foundation as an innovative and successful neuroscientist. From a scientific perspective, we will have developed a new model of attention preparation that will overcome a long-standing barrier to progress in attention research. This advancement will not only benefit attention research itself, but will provide a framework for future investigations of other brain processes that involve feedback modulation of sensory processing, such as learning and memory. An understanding of the functioning of attention in health individuals is essential to guide potential therapeutic interventions in disorders involving deficits in attention, including autism, schizophrenia and attention deficit disorder.

描述：视觉世界包含更多的信息，大脑可以通过对选择性注意的机制进行处理。尚未确定鼻窦元的关注状态该研究项目是在IDER中的神经元活动中应用高维分析，以仔细的滴定研究。我们将从视觉皮层和额叶的额叶中记录的神经元活动。 C. Snyder在高维分析方法中的行为效果需要锻造的锻炼，这是他在整个职业生涯中所需的专业生产这个项目，Snyder博士将接受一流的培训数据集和灵长类动物生理学，以创新和成功的神经科学家为基础。处理诸如学习和记忆的理解。