General Purpose Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) System

通用脑机接口（BCI）系统

基本信息

批准号：
8131412
负责人：
GERWIN SCHALK
金额：
$ 47.97万
依托单位：
WADSWORTH CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-09-20 至 2013-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8131412
关键词：
Achievement Address Algorithms Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Area Base of the Brain Beta Rhythm Biocompatible Biomedical Engineering Brain Brain Stem Infarctions Caregivers Cerebral Palsy Chronic Clinical Communication Computer software Development Disabled Persons Discipline EP300 gene Electrocorticogram Electrodes Environment Evaluation Evoked Potentials Family Family Caregiver Generations Goals Grant Home environment Human Intensive Care Units Internet Laboratories Life Location Mails Methods Motor Movement Mus Muscle Neuromuscular Diseases Paralysed Performance Research Research Design Research Personnel Safety Signal Transduction Spinal cord injury Staging Structure Sum System Technology Telemetry Testing Time Translations Validation Wheelchairs Word Processing Work Writing base brain computer interface computerized data processing design disability flexibility implantation improved multidisciplinary neuromuscular neuroprosthesis operation programs prototype public health relevance research and development research clinical testing robotic device transmission process two-dimensional

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Signals from the brain can provide non-muscular communication and control channels, or brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), to people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), brainstem stroke, cerebral palsy, or spinal cord injury. BCIs can allow people who are severely paralyzed, or even "locked in," to use brain signals to write, communicate with others, control their environments, access the Internet, or operate neuroprostheses. The realization of clinically useful BCI systems requires work in three areas: (1) acquisition of brain signals; (2) signal processing; and (3) clinical implementation. Because these areas involve very different disciplines, research groups usually focus on only one area. Thus, at the beginning of this BRP, despite the exciting achievements of researchers around the world, the field had progressed only to the point of laboratory demonstrations, in large part because achievements in one area were not integrated with those in others. In the past grant period, this BRP changed that landscape. First, it developed and disseminated to more than 160 research groups a general-purpose BCI software platform, called BCI2000, that facilitates all aspects of interdisciplinary BCI research and development, from laboratory to home. Furthermore, it used BCI2000 to develop the first BCI system designed for independent home use, and successfully tested this prototype in long-term home use by a small group of people severely disabled by ALS. Building on this work, the goal of this renewal proposal is to establish the first vertically-integrated BCI research and development program, and use it to produce BCI systems that are fully practical for independent use in clinical and home settings. The proposed program extends from signal acquisition, to signal processing, to application development and clinical implementation. By including and coordinating the activities and achievements in these different areas, this program will create and validate the first BCI systems suitable for widespread independent use by people with severe motor disabilities. Each BRP partner is in the forefront of one or more of the essential research areas, from hardware design to clinical testing. In limited ways, they already collaborate with one another. Working closely together and implementing new ideas, they will: (1) improve signal acquisition by developing more reliable, robust, and convenient chronic methods for recording electroencephalographic activity (EEG) and for exploring the BCI capabilities of electrocorticography (ECoG); (2) optimize adaptive feature extraction and translation algorithms for these signals; and (3) incorporate the results into BCI systems that are fully practical for home and clinical settings and establish the value of these systems for daily use by people with severe motor disabilities. By achieving these aims, disseminating the resulting technology, and providing other researchers access to its vertically-integrated framework, this BRP program should enable BCI research to produce BCIs that actually improve the lives of people with severe motor disabilities. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) can restore communication and control to people severely paralyzed or even "locked-in" by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), brainstem stroke, cerebral palsy, or other devastating neuromuscular disorders. The goal of this Bioengineering Research Partnership proposal is to establish the first comprehensive BCI research and development program and use it to produce the first BCI systems suitable for widespread independent home use by people with severe motor disabilities.

描述（由申请人提供）：来自大脑的信号可以向患有肌萎缩性侧面硬化症（ALS），脑干中风，脑瘫或脊髓损伤的人提供非肌肉通信和控制通道或脑部计算机界面（BCIS）。 BCIS可以允许那些严重瘫痪甚至“锁定”的人使用大脑信号与他人写作，沟通，控制其环境，访问互联网或操作神经propthes。临床上有用的BCI系统的实现需要在三个领域工作：（1）获取大脑信号；（2）信号处理；（3）临床实施。由于这些领域涉及非常不同的学科，因此研究小组通常只关注一个领域。因此，在这个BRP的开头，尽管世界各地的研究人员都取得了令人兴奋的成就，但该领域仅发展到实验室示范的地步，这在很大程度上是因为一个领域的成就并未与其他领域的成就融合在一起。在过去的赠款期间，这个BRP改变了这种景观。首先，它开发并传播到160多个研究小组，一个名为BCI2000的通用BCI软件平台，促进了从实验室到家庭的跨学科BCI研发的各个方面。此外，它使用BCI2000来开发专为独立家庭使用而设计的第一个BCI系统，并成功地测试了一小群ALS严重残疾人的长期家庭使用中的原型。在这项工作的基础上，该更新建议的目标是建立第一个垂直综合的BCI研发计划，并使用它来生产BCI系统，这些系统对于在临床和家庭环境中独立使用是完全实用的。拟议的程序从信号获取，信号处理，应用程序开发和临床实施延伸。通过包括和协调在这些不同领域的活动和成就，该计划将创建并验证第一个适合于严重运动障碍者广泛独立使用的BCI系统。从硬件设计到临床测试，每个BRP合作伙伴都处于一个或多个基本研究领域的最前沿。他们已经有限地彼此合作。他们将紧密合作并实施新想法，他们将：（1）通过开发更可靠，健壮和方便的慢性方法来记录脑电图活动（EEG）以及探索电视学（ECOG）的BCI功能（EEG）；（2）优化这些信号的自适应特征提取和翻译算法；（3）将结果纳入BCI系统中，这些系统对于家庭和临床环境完全实用，并确定了这些系统的价值，用于严重运动障碍者的日常使用。通过实现这些目标，传播最终的技术，并为其他研究人员提供垂直整合的框架，该BRP计划应使BCI研究能够生产BCI，从而实际上改善了严重运动残障人士的生活。公共卫生相关性的脑部计算机界面（BCIS）可以通过肌萎缩性侧面硬化症（ALS），脑干中风，大脑麻痹或其他破坏性神经肌肉肌肉造成的肌萎缩性侧面硬化症（ALS）恢复严重瘫痪甚至“锁定”的人的沟通和控制。这项生物工程研究合作伙伴建议的目标是建立第一个全面的BCI研发计划，并使用它来生产第一个适合于严重运动障碍者广泛独立的独立家庭用途的BCI系统。