Theoretically based treatment for sentence comprehension deficits in aphasia

失语症句子理解缺陷的理论治疗

• 批准号: 8132179
• 负责人: Swathi Kiran
• 金额: $ 58.32万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-20 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8132179
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Aftercare; Aphasia; Aphasiology; Area; Clinical; Communication; Complex; Comprehension; Diagnosis; Disease; Event; Frequencies; Goals; Grant; Healthy People 2010; Hour; Human; Instruction; Language; Language Therapy; Lead; Left; Linguistics; Maintenance; Maps; Measures; Methods; Modification; Movement; NIH Program Announcements; Outcome; Patient Education; Patient Selection; Patients; Performance; Phase; Population; Production; Property; Protocols documentation; Psycholinguistics; Recommendation; Recovery; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Role; Savings; Schedule; Science; Semantic memory; Semantics; Speech; Stimulus; Stroke; Structure; Testing; Therapeutic Effect; Time; Training; Treatment Efficacy; Treatment Protocols; World Health Organization; Writing; base; design; effective therapy; effectiveness measure; health disparity; improved; innovation; novel; phrases; programs; public health relevance; semantic processing; skills; sound; success; syntax; theories; therapy duration

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One goal of the Healthy People 2010 program is to reduce health disparities across different segments of the population. Diagnosis and treatment of sentence comprehension deficits in patients with aphasia is one area where disparities continue to exist even though this topic is of great theoretical importance. The current research on this topic, however, lacks specific recommendations on how to train sentence comprehension skills in patients with aphasia and to what extent generalization of comprehension skills occurs across sentences of similar syntactic structure and across different comprehension tasks. The goal of the project is to develop an effective, theoretically sound, treatment for sentence comprehension deficits in patients with aphasia following stroke. Our approach to developing effective therapies for these deficits will be guided by results in linguistics, psycholinguistics, and aphasiology. This project consists of two distinct phases: Phase 1: Specific Plans and Milestones for R21 (Year 1) In the first (R21) phase of the project, which will last one year, we will develop two effective therapies for syntactic comprehension deficits - one based on picture matching and one based on object enactment. Milestones will be measures of the effectiveness of these therapies. In this year, we will also develop the optimal treatment prescription (frequency and duration of therapy sessions) and the stimuli to be utilized for training and generalization. Phase 2: R33 (Years 2-5) in the second (R33) phase of the project, we will investigate the wider clinical utility of the treatment developed in Phase 1. We will address the critical issues of rate of acquisition of treated items, generalization to untrained items, maintenance of performance after termination of treatment, transfer to everyday comprehension tasks, and optimal patient selection for training. The expected outcome of this phase is a novel treatment approach whose clinical utility is well characterized and that can be used by clinicians with appropriate patients with aphasia.

描述（由申请人提供）：“2010 年健康人民”计划的目标之一是减少不同人群之间的健康差异。失语症患者句子理解缺陷的诊断和治疗是一个仍然存在差异的领域，尽管这一主题具有重要的理论意义。然而，目前关于该主题的研究缺乏关于如何训练失语症患者的句子理解技能以及在相似句法结构的句子和不同理解任务中理解技能的泛化程度的具体建议。该项目的目标是开发一种有效的、理论上合理的治疗方法，治疗中风后失语症患者的句子理解缺陷。我们针对这些缺陷开发有效疗法的方法将以语言学、心理语言学和失语学的结果为指导。该项目由两个不同的阶段组成： 第一阶段：R21 的具体计划和里程碑（第一年） 在该项目的第一 (R21) 阶段（将持续一年）中，我们将开发两种针对句法理解缺陷的有效疗法 - 一种一种是基于图片匹配，另一种是基于对象制定。里程碑将是衡量这些疗法有效性的指标。今年，我们还将制定最佳治疗方案（治疗频率和持续时间）以及用于培训和推广的刺激。第 2 阶段：R33（第 2-5 年）在项目的第二 (R33) 阶段，我们将调查第 1 阶段开发的治疗方法的更广泛的临床效用。我们将解决治疗项目的获取率等关键问题，对未训练项目的概括、治疗终止后表现的维持、转移到日常理解任务以及训练的最佳患者选择。这一阶段的预期结果是一种新的治疗方法，其临床效用已得到充分表征，可供临床医生用于治疗适当的失语症患者。