Theoretically based treatment for sentence comprehension deficits in aphasia

失语症句子理解缺陷的理论治疗

• 批准号: 7779371
• 负责人: Swathi Kiran
• 金额: $ 26.48万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-20 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7779371
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Aftercare; Aphasia; Aphasiology; Area; Clinical; Communication; Complex; Comprehension; Diagnosis; Disease; Event; Frequencies; Goals; Grant; Healthy People 2010; Hour; Human; Instruction; Language; Language Therapy; Lead; Left; Linguistics; Maintenance; Maps; Measures; Methods; Modification; Movement; NIH Program Announcements; Outcome; Patient Education; Patient Selection; Patients; Performance; Phase; Population; Production; Property; Protocols documentation; Psycholinguistics; Recommendation; Recovery; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Role; Savings; Schedule; Science; Semantic memory; Semantics; Speech; Stimulus; Stroke; Structure; Testing; Therapeutic Effect; Time; Training; Treatment Efficacy; Treatment Protocols; World Health Organization; Writing; base; design; effective therapy; effectiveness measure; health disparity; improved; innovation; novel; phrases; programs; public health relevance; semantic processing; skills; sound; success; syntax; theories; therapy duration; Accounting; Address; Affect; Aftercare; Aphasia; Aphasiology; Area; Clinical; Communication; Complex; Comprehension; Diagnosis; Disease; Event; Frequencies; Goals; Grant; Healthy People 2010; Hour; Human; Instruction; Language; Language Therapy; Lead; Left; Linguistics; Maintenance; Maps; Measures; Methods; Modification; Movement; NIH Program Announcements; Outcome; Patient Education; Patient Selection; Patients; Performance; Phase; Population; Production; Property; Protocols documentation; Psycholinguistics; Recommendation; Recovery; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Role; Savings; Schedule; Science; Semantic memory; Semantics; Speech; Stimulus; Stroke; Structure; Testing; Therapeutic Effect; Time; Training; Treatment Efficacy; Treatment Protocols; World Health Organization; Writing; base; design; effective therapy; effectiveness measure; health disparity; improved; innovation; novel; phrases; programs; public health relevance; semantic processing; skills; sound; success; syntax; theories; therapy duration

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One goal of the Healthy People 2010 program is to reduce health disparities across different segments of the population. Diagnosis and treatment of sentence comprehension deficits in patients with aphasia is one area where disparities continue to exist even though this topic is of great theoretical importance. The current research on this topic, however, lacks specific recommendations on how to train sentence comprehension skills in patients with aphasia and to what extent generalization of comprehension skills occurs across sentences of similar syntactic structure and across different comprehension tasks. The goal of the project is to develop an effective, theoretically sound, treatment for sentence comprehension deficits in patients with aphasia following stroke. Our approach to developing effective therapies for these deficits will be guided by results in linguistics, psycholinguistics, and aphasiology. This project consists of two distinct phases: Phase 1: Specific Plans and Milestones for R21 (Year 1) In the first (R21) phase of the project, which will last one year, we will develop two effective therapies for syntactic comprehension deficits - one based on picture matching and one based on object enactment. Milestones will be measures of the effectiveness of these therapies. In this year, we will also develop the optimal treatment prescription (frequency and duration of therapy sessions) and the stimuli to be utilized for training and generalization. Phase 2: R33 (Years 2-5) in the second (R33) phase of the project, we will investigate the wider clinical utility of the treatment developed in Phase 1. We will address the critical issues of rate of acquisition of treated items, generalization to untrained items, maintenance of performance after termination of treatment, transfer to everyday comprehension tasks, and optimal patient selection for training. The expected outcome of this phase is a novel treatment approach whose clinical utility is well characterized and that can be used by clinicians with appropriate patients with aphasia. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project is relevant because it will address the important issue of language recovery following a theoretically based sentence comprehension treatment for patients with aphasia. The ability to understand sentences is often affected in aphasia and impairs comprehension of sentences in which syntax determines aspects of meaning such as thematic roles. We will first develop two new methods of treatment and, in the second phase of the research, determine how successfully training one structure generalizes to others, how it leads to savings in further treatments, how it affects passage comprehension, and how long it lasts. The result is expected to be an effective and efficient training protocol that can be used to treat deficits in syntactically based comprehension people with aphasia.

描述（由申请人提供）：健康人2010年计划的一个目标是减少不同人群各个部分的健康差异。诊断和治疗失语症患者的判决理解缺陷是一个差异仍然存在的领域，即使该主题非常重要。然而，当前关于该主题的研究缺乏有关失语症患者的训练句子理解技能以及理解能力的概括的具体建议，这些句子在何种程度上发生在类似的句法结构和不同理解任务的句子之间。该项目的目的是开发一种有效的，理论上的，治疗中风后失语症患者的句子理解缺陷的治疗方法。我们为这些缺陷开发有效疗法的方法将由语言学，心理语言学和失语学的结果指导。该项目由两个不同的阶段组成：第1阶段：在项目的第一个（R21）阶段的R21（R21年）的具体计划和里程碑，这将持续一年，我们将开发两种有效的语法理解缺陷疗法 - 一种基于图片匹配和基于对象制定的图片匹配。里程碑将是这些疗法有效性的衡量标准。在今年，我们还将开发最佳的治疗处方（治疗的频率和持续时间）和用于训练和泛化的刺激。阶段2：R33（2-5年）在项目的第二阶段（R33）阶段，我们将研究第1阶段在第1阶段开发的治疗的更广泛的临床实用性。我们将解决对处理项目获取的关键问题，对未经培训的项目的概括，维持未培训的绩效，终止治疗后的绩效，将治疗后的绩效转移到日常理解任务以及培训最佳的患者选择，并进行培训。此阶段的预期结果是一种新型的治疗方法，其临床实用性的特征是，可以被适当的失语症患者使用。 公共卫生相关性：该项目具有相关性，因为它将解决基于理论上的失语症患者的基于理论上的句子理解治疗后的语言恢复的重要问题。理解句子的能力通常会因失语症而受到影响，并削弱了对句子的理解，在这种句子中，语法决定了含义的各个方面，例如主题角色。我们将首先开发两种新的治疗方法，并在研究的第二阶段中确定一种成功训练一个结构如何推广到他人的结构，如何节省进一步的治疗，如何影响通道理解以及持续时间。预计该结果将是一种有效而有效的培训方案，可用于治疗基于语法的理解力的缺陷。