MicroRNA evolution and species divergence in Drosophila

果蝇的 MicroRNA 进化和物种分化

• 批准号: 7883738
• 负责人: CHUNG-I WU
• 金额: $ 22.44万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-20 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7883738
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Animals; Bioinformatics; Biological Assay; Complex; Drosophila genus; Evolution; Fertility; Gene Expression; Gene Targeting; Genes; Goals; Hereditary Disease; Human; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Messenger RNA; MicroRNAs; Modeling; Phenotype; Play; Population; Reporter Genes; Repression; Role; Site; Small RNA; Surveys; Testing; Tissues; Transcript; Transgenes; Transgenic Organisms; Translations; Untranslated Regions; Work; base; falls; fitness; interest; plant growth/development; research study; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal is to understand the evolution of microRNAs (miRNAs), the coevolution between miRNAs and their targets, and the role miRNA-target interactions play in the expression divergence between closely related species of Drosophila. miRNAs are small regulatory RNAs, which target mRNA transcripts to repress their expression. Aim 1: The evolution of miRNA genes - Emergence of new miRNA genes and changes in either the sequences of mature miRs or their expression will be studied by extensive sequencing of small RNAs from six tissues in five species of Drosophila. Aim 2: The effects of miRNAs on the evolution of gene expression (I. miRNAs) - First, four conservative miRNAs will be used to transform D. melanogaster and D. simulans. Second, four pairs of evolving miRNAs will be used to transform D. melanogaster. The effects of the transgenes on expression will be assayed by microarrays. Aim 3: The effects of miRNAs on the evolution of gene expression (II. targets) - We will verify and calibrate the results of D2 by selecting the 3' UTR of 15 target genes for reporter assay. Aim 4: The fitness effects of the coevolution between miRNAs and targets - If miRNAs and targets are co-adapted, then miRNAs and target transcripts that have been evolving separately would likely show fitness incompatibilities. This hypothesis, in the frame work of Muller-Dobzhansky model, will be tested. Project Narrative: Micro-RNAs are a large class of regulators of the activities of other genes. They are known to function in animal/plant development, cancer, complex traits and genetic diseases. A survey of the scope of microRNA repertoire and their rise and fall through evolution will be useful for understanding their roles in regulating the normal and aberrant phenotypes in human populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：目标是了解microRNA（miRNA）的演变，miRNA及其靶标之间的共同进化以及miRNA-target靶向的作用在果蝇密切相关物种之间的表达差异中起着作用。 miRNA是小的调节性RNA，靶向mRNA转录以抑制其表达。 AIM 1：miRNA基因的演变 - 新miRNA基因的出现以及成熟miR的序列的变化或它们的表达将通过对五种果蝇中六种组织中的六个组织的大量测序进行研究。 AIM 2：miRNA对基因表达演化的影响（I. miRNA） - 首先，将使用四个保守的miRNA来改变D. melanogaster和D. simulans。其次，将使用四对发展的miRNA来转变D. melanogaster。转基因对表达的影响将通过微阵列分析。 AIM 3：miRNA对基因表达演化的影响（ii。Targets） - 我们将通过选择15个靶基因的3'UTR来验证和校准D2的结果。 AIM 4：miRNA和靶标之间共同进化的适应性效应 - 如果miRNA和靶标共同适应，则分别进化的miRNA和目标转录本可能表现出适应性不符。在Muller-Dobzhansky模型的框架工作中，该假设将进行检验。 项目叙述：微RNA是其他基因活动的大量调节因子。已知它们在动物/植物发育，癌症，复杂性状和遗传疾病中发挥作用。对MicroRNA曲目范围的调查以及它们通过进化的崛起和下降将有助于理解它们在调节人群中正常和异常表型中的作用。