Evolution of a New Gene and Speciation

新基因和物种的进化

• 批准号: 6573596
• 负责人: CHUNG-I WU
• 金额: $ 29.29万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-01-01 至 2007-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6573596
• 关键词: DNA footprinting; Drosophilidae; SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; biochemical evolution; developmental genetics; fertility; functional /structural genomics; gene expression; genetic mapping; genetic regulation; genetically modified animals; germ cells; homeobox genes; immunocytochemistry; in situ hybridization; molecular cloning; molecular genetics; northern blottings; nucleic acid sequence; pleiotropism; polymerase chain reaction; population genetics; protein structure function; species difference; spermatogenesis; systematic biology

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The general goal is to understand the molecular basis of species differentiation by analyzing a recently duplicated gene, which is involved in hybrid male sterility. This speciation gene, Ods (Odysseus), was duplicated from the neuron-expressing gene, Unc4, during the evolution of Drosophila. Unc4 appears to retain the ancestral functions while Ods became specialized in a spermatogenic role. With this specialization, Ods has apparently diverged rapidly and such rapid divergence has made 0ds incompatible between species when hybrids are formed (Ting et al. 1998). The specific goal is to answer these questions: 1. Evolution of Ods sequence and expression: We will compare DNA sequences and expression patterns, both evolving rapidly, across Drosophila species. 2. Evolution of the normal functions of Ods: In order to understand Ods differentiation, we will use the new method of homology-dependent DNA insertion (Rong and Golic 2000) to replace the 0ds gene in D. melanogaster with those of D. mauritiana and D. simulans. Phenotypic and fitness changes due to the replacement will be assayed. 3. Evolution of the "abnormal" function of 0ds: 0ds-induced hybrid sterility is considered the "abnormal" function. By transgenic experiments, we will address the genetic mechanism by which 0ds sterilizes hybrid males.

描述（由申请人提供）： 总体目标是通过分析最近复制的与杂交雄性不育有关的基因来了解物种分化的分子基础。 这种物种形成基因 Ods (Odysseus) 是在果蝇进化过程中从神经元表达基因 Unc4 复制而来的。 Unc4 似乎保留了祖先的功能，而 Ods 则专门发挥生精作用。由于这种特化，Ods 明显迅速分化，并且这种快速分化使得在形成杂交种时物种之间的 0ds 不相容（Ting 等人，1998）。具体目标是回答以下问题： 1. Ods 序列和表达的进化：我们将比较果蝇物种中进化迅速的 DNA 序列和表达模式。 2. Ods正常功能的进化：为了了解Ods的分化，我们将使用同源依赖性DNA插入的新方法（Rong and Golic 2000）将D. melanogaster中的0ds基因替换为D. mauritiana的0ds基因和D. simulans。将分析由于更换而导致的表型和适应性变化。 3. 0ds“异常”功能的进化：0ds诱导的杂种不育被认为是“异常”功能。通过转基因实验，我们将解决 0ds 使杂交雄性绝育的遗传机制。