Obesity, Physical Activity and Built Space in New York City

纽约市的肥胖、体力活动和建筑空间

基本信息

批准号：
7474518
负责人：
Andrew G Rundle
金额：
$ 40.95万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2005-09-07 至 2010-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7474518
关键词：
Accounting Acculturation Address Adult Advocate American Americas Area Attention Body Size Body Weight Body fat Body mass index Body measure procedure Caucasians Caucasoid Race Characteristics Child Cities Cohort Studies Commercial Sources Communities Crime Data Data Set Databases Destinations Diet Elements Enrollment Environment Ethnic Origin Ethnography Family Food Geographic Information Systems Goals Government Agencies Head Start Program Health Health behavior outcomes Height Hip region structure Hispanics Home environment Human Immigrant Individual Intervention Kilogram Link Literature Low income Malignant Neoplasms Maps Marketing Measures Minority Modeling Monitor Mothers Neighborhoods New York New York City Obesity Pattern Physical activity Population Process Qualitative Research Race Rate Records Reducing diet Reporting Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Restaurants Risk Safety Secure Shapes Skinfold Thickness Stream Study Subject Supermarket Trees Weight Weight Gain Woman Work base cohort day density design ethnic minority population farmer fast food good diet improved interest land use malignant breast neoplasm medical schools metropolitan programs prospective suburb success trafficking

项目摘要

We propose to investigate the impact of the built environment characteristics on body size, physical activity and diet in residents of New York City (NYC). We will use data from three large human health studies. The first data set will be from 1000 Black and Hispanic children enrolled in prospective cohort study of Head Start families. From all of the children we will have complete demographic data, and mother's reports on the height and weight and physical activity of the child. From 500 of the children data will be available on skin fold thickness, body mass index (BMI) and 6 days of physical activity monitoring. Data will be available at baseline and from two annual follow-ups of the cohort. The second data set will be from 18,000 adult New Yorkers from whom we will have demographic data and objectively measured BMI. The third will be from 2,400 healthy Black and Caucasian. From these women we will have demographic data, questionniare data on diet and physical activity and objective measures of BMI, waist and hip circumference and body fat by bio-impedence. From all of these subjects we will have a home address which we will geocode into a CIS model of New York City. Multi-level modeling approaches will be used to determine whether neighborhoods characterisitcs (for example; land use, street design, availability and quality of parks and retail food stores, zoning, public transport, farmers markets) predict body size, physical activity and diet. Because of the very large immigrant population in NYC we will conduct qualitative research on how acculturation to the built environment of NYC impacts body size. Prior work suggests that acculturation to main stream American norms leads to weight increases in immigrants and their children. We do not see this effect in our data and propose that NYC is not "main stream America". We propose to conduct qualitative research on Hispanic mothers and children in the Head Start study and investigate how they relate to the built environment of NYC. Our goal is to develop a new measure of acculturation that includes adaption to the built environment of NYC and will be useful in studies of obesity. The quantitative research will also be used to develop new GIS based measures of aspects of the City that are important to the mothers. This research on the phsyical environment and adaption to it, will identify strategies for building and organizing communites that increase physical activity, improve diets and reduce obesity.

我们建议研究建筑环境特征对纽约市居民（NYC）居民体型，体育锻炼和饮食的影响。我们将使用来自三个大型人类健康研究的数据。第一个数据集将来自1000名黑人和西班牙裔儿童，他们参加了前瞻性开始研究的前瞻性队列研究。在所有孩子中，我们将拥有完整的人口统计数据，以及母亲关于孩子身高，体重和身体活动的报告。从500个儿童数据中，可以在皮肤折叠厚度，体重指数（BMI）和6天的体育锻炼监测上获得数据。数据将在基线和同时的两个年度随访中获得。第二个数据集将来自18,000名成年纽约人，我们将获得人口统计数据并客观地测量BMI。第三个将来自2400个健康的黑人和高加索人。从这些女性中，我们将获得人口统计数据，关于饮食和体育锻炼的问号数据以及BMI，腰围和髋部圆周和体内脂肪的客观度量。从所有这些主题中，我们将拥有一个家庭住址，我们将将其地理位置为纽约市的CIS模型。多层建模方法将用于确定社区特征性（例如；土地使用，街道设计，可用性和零售食品商店的可用性和质量，分区，公共交通，农民市场）可以预测身体大小，体育锻炼和饮食。由于纽约市的移民人口非常大，我们将对纽约市建筑环境的适应性如何影响身体大小进行定性研究。先前的工作表明，对主要流媒体规范的适应会导致移民及其子女的体重增加。我们在数据中没有看到这种效果，并建议纽约市不是“主要流美国”。我们建议在头开始研究中对西班牙裔母亲和儿童进行定性研究，并研究他们与纽约市建筑环境的关系。我们的目标是制定一种新的适应量度，其中包括适应纽约市建筑环境的适应，并将在肥胖研究中有用。定量研究还将用于制定基于GIS的新衡量城市对母亲很重要的措施。这项关于浮气环境和适应其的研究将确定建立和组织社区的策略，以增加体育锻炼，改善饮食并减少肥胖症。