Obesity, Physical Activity and Built Space in New York City

纽约市的肥胖、体力活动和建筑空间

基本信息

批准号：
7452704
负责人：
Andrew G Rundle
金额：
$ 0.58万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2005-09-07 至 2009-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7452704
关键词：
Accounting Acculturation Address Adult Advocate American Americas Area Attention Body Size Body Weight Body fat Body mass index Body measure procedure Caucasians Caucasoid Race Characteristics Child Cities Cohort Studies Commercial Sources Communities Crime Data Data Set Databases Destinations Diet Elements Enrollment Environment Ethnic Origin Ethnography Family Food Geographic Information Systems Goals Government Agencies Head Start Program Health Health behavior outcomes Height Hip region structure Hispanics Home environment Human Immigrant Individual Intervention Kilogram Link Literature Low income Malignant Neoplasms Maps Marketing Measures Minority Modeling Monitor Mothers Neighborhoods New York New York City Obesity Pattern Physical activity Population Process Qualitative Research Race Rate Records Reducing diet Reporting Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Restaurants Risk Safety Secure Shapes Skinfold Thickness Stream Study Subject Supermarket Trees Weight Weight Gain Woman Work base cohort day density design ethnic minority population farmer fast food good diet improved interest land use malignant breast neoplasm medical schools metropolitan programs prospective suburb success trafficking

项目摘要

We propose to investigate the impact of the built environment characteristics on body size, physical activity and diet in residents of New York City (NYC). We will use data from three large human health studies. The first data set will be from 1000 Black and Hispanic children enrolled in prospective cohort study of Head Start families. From all of the children we will have complete demographic data, and mother's reports on the height and weight and physical activity of the child. From 500 of the children data will be available on skin fold thickness, body mass index (BMI) and 6 days of physical activity monitoring. Data will be available at baseline and from two annual follow-ups of the cohort. The second data set will be from 18,000 adult New Yorkers from whom we will have demographic data and objectively measured BMI. The third will be from 2,400 healthy Black and Caucasian. From these women we will have demographic data, questionniare data on diet and physical activity and objective measures of BMI, waist and hip circumference and body fat by bio-impedence. From all of these subjects we will have a home address which we will geocode into a CIS model of New York City. Multi-level modeling approaches will be used to determine whether neighborhoods characterisitcs (for example; land use, street design, availability and quality of parks and retail food stores, zoning, public transport, farmers markets) predict body size, physical activity and diet. Because of the very large immigrant population in NYC we will conduct qualitative research on how acculturation to the built environment of NYC impacts body size. Prior work suggests that acculturation to main stream American norms leads to weight increases in immigrants and their children. We do not see this effect in our data and propose that NYC is not "main stream America". We propose to conduct qualitative research on Hispanic mothers and children in the Head Start study and investigate how they relate to the built environment of NYC. Our goal is to develop a new measure of acculturation that includes adaption to the built environment of NYC and will be useful in studies of obesity. The quantitative research will also be used to develop new GIS based measures of aspects of the City that are important to the mothers. This research on the phsyical environment and adaption to it, will identify strategies for building and organizing communites that increase physical activity, improve diets and reduce obesity.

我们建议调查建筑环境特征对纽约市 (NYC) 居民的体型、身体活动和饮食的影响。我们将使用三项大型人类健康研究的数据。第一个数据集将来自参加 Head Start 家庭前瞻性队列研究的 1000 名黑人和西班牙裔儿童。我们将获得所有孩子的完整人口统计数据，以及母亲关于孩子身高、体重和身体活动的报告。将从 500 名儿童中获得有关皮褶厚度、体重指数 (BMI) 和 6 天体力活动监测的数据。将提供基线数据和队列的两次年度随访数据。第二个数据集将来自 18,000 名成年纽约人，我们将从中获得人口统计数据和客观测量的 BMI。第三份来自 2,400 名健康的黑人和白人。我们将从这些女性中获得人口统计数据，问卷是有关饮食和身体活动的数据，以及通过生物阻抗客观测量体重指数、腰围和臀围以及身体脂肪的数据。从所有这些主题中，我们将获得一个家庭住址，我们将对其进行地理编码到纽约市的 CIS 模型中。将使用多层次建模方法来确定社区特征（例如，土地使用、街道设计、公园和零售食品店的可用性和质量、分区、公共交通、农贸市场）是否可以预测身体尺寸、身体活动和饮食。由于纽约市有大量移民人口，我们将进行定性研究，了解纽约市建筑环境的文化适应如何影响体型。先前的研究表明，适应美国主流规范会导致移民及其子女的体重增加。我们在数据中没有看到这种影响，并认为纽约市不是“美国主流”。我们建议在 Head Start 研究中对西班牙裔母亲和儿童进行定性研究，并调查他们与纽约市建筑环境的关系。我们的目标是开发一种新的文化适应措施，包括适应纽约市的建筑环境，并将有助于肥胖研究。定量研究还将用于开发基于 GIS 的新措施，衡量城市对母亲重要的方面。这项关于身体环境及其适应的研究将确定建立和组织社区的策略，以增加体力活动、改善饮食和减少肥胖。